| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 582.56 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os Smart Contracts são contratos totalmente digitais durante toda a vigência da relação contratual, desde a proposta até à execução do mesmo. As particularidades deste - natureza exclusivamente eletrónica, implementação através de software e hardware na rede Blockchain, linguagem de programação e natureza condicional, autoexecutoriedade – colocam em causa a sua definição como contratos à luz da ordem jurídica portuguesa. Consequentemente, torna-se essencial responder à questão: «Serão os Smart Contracts verdadeiros contratos?». Na nossa perspetiva, a resposta é afirmativa. Para tal, a fundamentação recorre a figuras análogas e a uma análise comparativa entre os contratos inteligentes e os contratos tradicionais, bem como à verificação dos requisitos formais do regime geral dos contratos e ao cumprimento dos princípios fundamentais do Direito Contratual. No corolário do exposto, surge outra questão: «Serão válidos os Smart Contracts em Portugal?» Ora, a resposta, neste momento, é negativa. Pois, não existe legislação em vigor quanto a esta matéria. Contudo, dada a importância do tema, cremos e esperamos, que num futuro próximo, este seja regulado. Enquanto não o é, fornecemos diplomas em vigor adjacentes com a validade formal dos Smart Contracts, através de uma interpretação extensiva dos mesmos, com o objetivo de solucionar em parte a problemática e incitar a iniciativa legislativa.
Smart Contracts are fully digital contracts for the entire duration of the contractual relationship, from the contractual proposal to its execution. The particularities of this - exclusively electronic nature, implementation through software and hardware on the Blockchain network, programming language and conditional nature, self-enforcement - call into question its definition as contracts in the light of the Portuguese legal order. Therefore, it is essential to answer the question: "Are Smart Contracts real contracts?". In our point of view, the answer is affirmative. To this end, the grounding uses analogous figures and a comparative analysis between smart and traditional contracts, as well as the verification of the formal requirements of the general regime of contracts and fulfillment of the fundamental principles of Contract Law. As a corollary of the above, another question emerges: “Are Smart Contracts valid in Portugal?”. However, the answer at this moment is negative because there is no legislation in force on this matter. Nevertheless, given the importance of the subject, we believe and hope that in the near future, it will be regulated. While it is not, we provide diplomas in force that are consistent with the digital nature of Smart Contracts, in order to encourage legislative initiative and resolve the formal validity.
Smart Contracts are fully digital contracts for the entire duration of the contractual relationship, from the contractual proposal to its execution. The particularities of this - exclusively electronic nature, implementation through software and hardware on the Blockchain network, programming language and conditional nature, self-enforcement - call into question its definition as contracts in the light of the Portuguese legal order. Therefore, it is essential to answer the question: "Are Smart Contracts real contracts?". In our point of view, the answer is affirmative. To this end, the grounding uses analogous figures and a comparative analysis between smart and traditional contracts, as well as the verification of the formal requirements of the general regime of contracts and fulfillment of the fundamental principles of Contract Law. As a corollary of the above, another question emerges: “Are Smart Contracts valid in Portugal?”. However, the answer at this moment is negative because there is no legislation in force on this matter. Nevertheless, given the importance of the subject, we believe and hope that in the near future, it will be regulated. While it is not, we provide diplomas in force that are consistent with the digital nature of Smart Contracts, in order to encourage legislative initiative and resolve the formal validity.
Description
Keywords
Smart Contract Blockchain Validade formal Contratos tradicionais Formal validity Traditional contracts