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Abstract(s)
A neofobia alimentar, que consiste na resistência a experimentar comida nova e/ou diferente
da considerada “normal”, apresenta a evidente desvantagem de diminuir a variedade
alimentar e, em consequência, o adequado aporte nutricional.
Os estudos visando a compreensão e tentativa de superação da neofobia alimentar têm sido,
quase exclusivamente, direcionados à população infantil. No entanto, sabe-se que a
população idosa também apresenta atitudes caracteristicamente neofóbicas. Estudos recentes
apontam para que um aumento da seletividade na escolha alimentar possa estar associado a
um agravamento do estado nutricional desta população, comprometendo a qualidade e
quantidade da ingestão alimentar. Acredita-se que uma redução dos comportamentos
neofóbicos em idosos pode contribuir significativamente para a melhoria do seu estado
nutricional e da sua qualidade de vida.
Neste trabalho, propõe-se e avalia-se a eficácia de um protocolo de intervenção de educação
alimentar em idosos institucionalizados, que possuam as capacidades psico-motoras
necessárias, composta por quatro vertentes: palestras, workshops, jogos e tertúlias.
A avaliação da eficácia da intervenção realizada foi medida através da comparação da
quantidade de comida ingerida, antes e depois da intervenção, em três pratos que a
população idosa em que se aplicou o protocolo demonstrava, tipicamente, relutância em
ingerir: Arroz do Mar; Massa de Atum, Ovo e Salsa e Esparguete com Carne de Vaca
Picada e Molho de Bolonhesa.
Concluiu-se que houve um aumento estatisticamente significativo na quantidade ingerida de
Arroz do Mar, bem como do número de idosos que ingeriram, na íntegra, o prato de Arroz
do Mar e de Carne de Vaca Picada e Molho de Bolonhesa.
Por outro lado, concluiu-se, através da aplicação de dois questionários, que tanto os idosos
como os profissionais que trabalhavam com eles, consideraram a intervenção eficaz, sendo
que a maioria dos idosos e dos cuidadores notaram diferenças nos comportamentos
alimentares.
Food neophobia, the resistance to try new food and/or different food from the one considered "normal", has the obvious disadvantage of decreasing food selection and, therefore, the appropriate nutritional intake. The studies aiming to understand and attempting to overcome food neophobia have been almost exclusively directed to the child population. However, it is known that the elderly population also shows characteristically neophobic attitudes. Recent studies indicate that an increased selectivity in food choice may be associated with a worsening of the nutritional status of this population, compromising the quality and quantity of food intake. It is believed that a reduction in neophobic behavior in the elderly can significantly contribute to the improvement of their nutritional status and quality of life. In this paper, we propose and evaluate the effectiveness of a nutritional education intervention protocol in institutionalized elderly with the necessary psycho-motor skills. It is composed by four components: lectures, workshops, games and gatherings. The effectiveness evaluation of the performed intervention was measured by comparing the amount of eaten food before and after the intervention, with reference to three dishes which the elderly population to whom the protocol was applied showed typically to be reluctant to eat: Sea Rice; Tuna Pasta, Egg and Parsley and Spaghetti with Minced Beef and Bolognese Sauce. It was concluded that there was a statistically significant increase in the amount ingested of Sea Rice, as well as in the number of elderly people who ate entirely the Sea Rice and Spaghetti with Minced Beef and Bolognese Sauce dishes. On the other hand, it was concluded, by applying two qualitative questionnaires, that both seniors and professionals considered the intervention effective, most seniors and caregivers having noted differences in eating behavior.
Food neophobia, the resistance to try new food and/or different food from the one considered "normal", has the obvious disadvantage of decreasing food selection and, therefore, the appropriate nutritional intake. The studies aiming to understand and attempting to overcome food neophobia have been almost exclusively directed to the child population. However, it is known that the elderly population also shows characteristically neophobic attitudes. Recent studies indicate that an increased selectivity in food choice may be associated with a worsening of the nutritional status of this population, compromising the quality and quantity of food intake. It is believed that a reduction in neophobic behavior in the elderly can significantly contribute to the improvement of their nutritional status and quality of life. In this paper, we propose and evaluate the effectiveness of a nutritional education intervention protocol in institutionalized elderly with the necessary psycho-motor skills. It is composed by four components: lectures, workshops, games and gatherings. The effectiveness evaluation of the performed intervention was measured by comparing the amount of eaten food before and after the intervention, with reference to three dishes which the elderly population to whom the protocol was applied showed typically to be reluctant to eat: Sea Rice; Tuna Pasta, Egg and Parsley and Spaghetti with Minced Beef and Bolognese Sauce. It was concluded that there was a statistically significant increase in the amount ingested of Sea Rice, as well as in the number of elderly people who ate entirely the Sea Rice and Spaghetti with Minced Beef and Bolognese Sauce dishes. On the other hand, it was concluded, by applying two qualitative questionnaires, that both seniors and professionals considered the intervention effective, most seniors and caregivers having noted differences in eating behavior.
Description
Keywords
Neofobia Neofobia alimentar Idosos Estado nutricional Intervenção educação Neophobia Food neophobia The elderly Nutritional status Educational intervention