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A parentalidade é o assumir da responsabilidade de ser mãe/pai, promovendo o desenvolvimento dos filhos. A família, apesar de constituir o espaço mais imediato de cuidados, nem sempre consegue proporcionar um ambiente homogéneo, podendo ter um impacto negativo no bem-estar e desenvolvimento da criança. Famílias em situação ou risco de Sem-Abrigo podem apresentar múltiplos problemas e necessidades, como sejam, fenómenos sociais, educacionais e de saúde. Por outro lado, para algumas famílias, esta experiência de Sem-Abrigo, potencia outras formas de parentalidade. Com este estudo, propôs-se aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o modo como se processa a parentalidade em famílias em situação ou risco de Sem-Abrigo. Pretendeu-se: Mapear famílias com filhos em situação ou risco de SemAbrigo, utilizadoras dos recursos vocacionados para a população vulnerável; Compreender qual o significado da parentalidade em famílias em situação ou risco de Sem-Abrigo; Identificar os eventos críticos que emergiram durante o processo de parentalidade; Identificar quais os fatores facilitadores e inibidores deste processo; Apresentar os padrões de resposta de parentalidade das famílias com filhos em situação ou risco de Sem-Abrigo e ainda desenvolver uma teoria explicativa que contribua para melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados prestados a estas famílias. A investigação enquadra-se no paradigma qualitativo, em que se procurou compreender como se processa a parentalidade em famílias em situação ou risco de SemAbrigo. O método da investigação adotado foi o indutivo – Grounded Theory. Após a caracterização do contexto empírico do estudo e da determinação da população acessível, o estudo foi sustentado por entrevistas a 30 famílias. Recorreu-se a um processo de codificação do corpus das entrevistas segundo Strauss e Corvina, para o tratamento dos dados. A parentalidade das famílias em situação ou risco de Sem-Abrigo é uma parentalidade sustentada pelos recursos pessoais, familiares e sociais. Distingue-se pelo cuidar à distância e assume diferentes formas, consoante as diferentes tipologias de situações ou risco de Sem-Abrigo. Na situação de risco de Sem-Abrigo identificou-se duas formas processuais da parentalidade, a parentalidade à distância com manutenção da autoridade parental e a parentalidade não totalitária quando não é exercida à distância. Na situação de Sem-Abrigo encontrou-se quatro formas processuais, a parentalidade à distância com manutenção da autoridade parental, parentalidade à distância unilateral, parentalidade interrompida e rotura da parentalidade. Acredita-se que este conhecimento possa contribuir para a sensibilização dos enfermeiros na resposta às reais necessidades destas famílias, bem como, para as políticas de saúde e sociais.
Parenting is taking on the responsibility of being a mother/father, and promoting the development of children. Despite being the most immediate space for care the family is not always able to provide a homogeneous environment and can harm the child's well-being and development. Families at risk for or experiencing homelessness can present multiple problems and needs, such as social, educational, and health. On the other hand, for some families, this experience of homelessness fosters other forms of parenting. This study aimed to deepen our understanding of how parenting takes place in families at risk for or experiencing homelessness. The main goals were: to map families with children in or at risk for homelessness who use resources aimed at vulnerable populations; to understand the meaning of parenthood in families in or at risk for homelessness; to identify the critical events that stand out during the parenting process; to identify the factors that facilitate and inhibit this process; to present the parenting response patterns of families with children in or at risk for homelessness; and also to develop an explanatory theory that contributes to improving the quality of care provided to these families. The research is part of the qualitative paradigm, using inductive - Grounded Theory. After characterising the empirical context of the study and determining the accessible population, the study was supported by interviews with 30 families. A process of coding the corpus of interviews, according to Strauss and Corbin was used to process the data. Personal, family and social resources sustain the parenting of families in a situation or at risk for homelessness. It is distinguished by caring at a distance and takes different forms, depending on the different types of homelessness situations or risk. In the situation of risk for homelessness, two procedural forms of parenting were identified: distance parenting, with the maintenance of parental authority, and non-totalitarian parenting when it is not exercised at a distance. In the situation of homelessness, four procedural forms were found: distance parenting with maintenance of parental authority, unilateral distance parenting, interrupted parenting, and parental breakdown. It is believed that this knowledge can contribute to raising nurses' awareness of the real needs of these families and health and social policies.
Parenting is taking on the responsibility of being a mother/father, and promoting the development of children. Despite being the most immediate space for care the family is not always able to provide a homogeneous environment and can harm the child's well-being and development. Families at risk for or experiencing homelessness can present multiple problems and needs, such as social, educational, and health. On the other hand, for some families, this experience of homelessness fosters other forms of parenting. This study aimed to deepen our understanding of how parenting takes place in families at risk for or experiencing homelessness. The main goals were: to map families with children in or at risk for homelessness who use resources aimed at vulnerable populations; to understand the meaning of parenthood in families in or at risk for homelessness; to identify the critical events that stand out during the parenting process; to identify the factors that facilitate and inhibit this process; to present the parenting response patterns of families with children in or at risk for homelessness; and also to develop an explanatory theory that contributes to improving the quality of care provided to these families. The research is part of the qualitative paradigm, using inductive - Grounded Theory. After characterising the empirical context of the study and determining the accessible population, the study was supported by interviews with 30 families. A process of coding the corpus of interviews, according to Strauss and Corbin was used to process the data. Personal, family and social resources sustain the parenting of families in a situation or at risk for homelessness. It is distinguished by caring at a distance and takes different forms, depending on the different types of homelessness situations or risk. In the situation of risk for homelessness, two procedural forms of parenting were identified: distance parenting, with the maintenance of parental authority, and non-totalitarian parenting when it is not exercised at a distance. In the situation of homelessness, four procedural forms were found: distance parenting with maintenance of parental authority, unilateral distance parenting, interrupted parenting, and parental breakdown. It is believed that this knowledge can contribute to raising nurses' awareness of the real needs of these families and health and social policies.
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Keywords
Família Paternidade/maternidade Parentalidade População vulnerável Sem-Abrigo Family Parenthood Parenting Vulnerable populations Homeless
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Without CC licence