Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A dor é um fenómeno multidimensional e complexo. Contemporaneamente, existe uma
preocupação particular pela dor da criança. Observa-se uma utilização crescente de
estratégias não farmacológicas como forma de prevenir e tratar a dor e, apesar de não
substituírem as medidas farmacológicas, o seu efeito deve ser valorizado.
É necessário compreender a génese da dor e conhecer quais as estratégias não
farmacológicas no controlo de dor adequadas a cada fase do desenvolvimento infantil. Cabe ao
Enfermeiro Especialista em Saúde Infantil e Pediatria a aplicação destas técnicas e contribuir
para o desenvolvimento profissional e pessoal dos enfermeiros, aumentando a qualidade dos
cuidados prestados/ bem-estar do doente e desenvolver acções de enfermagem autónomas.
A interacção da criança com o ambiente faz com que o seu desenvolvimento seja
dinâmico. Dado que os seus pais e família têm um importante papel no seu desenvolvimento,
cabe ao Enfermeiro Especialista em Saúde Infantil e Pediatria (EESIP) promover o seu bemestar
dado ser aquele que está mais qualificado para transmitir conhecimentos/ informações
que possam promover a saúde, prevenir a doença e desenvolver competências para lidar com
situações que alterem o funcionamento familiar. A participação da família nos cuidados é
essencial e o EESIP deve apoiar os seus elementos na expressão dos seus medos, dúvidas e
angústias para que se possam encontrar soluções para eventuais problemas, estabelecendo
assim uma parceria no cuidar, tão importante também no âmbito no tratamento de dor.
Este relatório surge na sequência de um projecto de estágio que decorreu em três
módulos distintos e tem como objectivo descrever de forma crítica as acções realizadas e as
competências adquiridas enquanto EESIP. O módulo I, efectuado no Centro de Saúde de
Alvalade, centrou-se na promoção de hábitos de vida saudáveis na criança cigana residente na
área de intervenção desta Unidade de Saúde. O módulo II foi realizado numa Unidade de
Internamento pediátrico com as valências de Ortopedia e Neurocirurgia do Centro Hospitalar de
Lisboa Central - Pólo Hospital de Dona Estefânia e o módulo III decorreu na Unidade de
Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais e no Serviço de Urgência Pediátrica do Centro Hospitalar de
Lisboa Central - Pólo Hospital Dona Estefânia, mantendo o projecto de estágio inicialmente
delineado.
A metodologia de trabalho utilizada foi descritiva, analítica e reflexiva e ao longo do
relatório será apresentado um conjunto de intervenções de enfermagem especializadas,
direccionadas quer para a promoção da saúde na criança de etnia cigana quer para o controlo
da dor na criança mediante a utilização de Estratégias Não Farmacológicas no Controlo de
Dor.
Pain is a multidimensional and complex phenomenon. Nowadays, there is a particular concern regarding the child's pain. In order to prevent and treat pain, despite not replacing pharmacological measures, the use of non-pharmacological strategies has been increasingly observed and their effects should be valued. Understanding the genesis of pain and knowing which non-pharmacological strategies on pain control are appropriate for each stage of childhood development is very important. The task of the Nurse Specialist in Pediatrics and Child Health is to implement these techniques and contribute to the professional and personal development of nurses, increasing not only the quality of care/ patient welfare but also expanding nursing`s autonomous actions. The child's interaction with the environment leads to a dynamic development and parents and family have an important role in this process. Ence, it is up to the Nurse Specialist in Pediatrics and Child Health (NSPCH) to promote their welfare being the one more qualified to pass on knowledge/ information that may promote health, prevent disease and develop skills to handle situations that might distort family functioning. Family participation in care is essential and the NSPCH must support its elements in expressing their fears, doubts and anxieties so that they may find solutions to any problems, thereby establishing a partnership in care, so useful in the treatment of pain. This report emerges from a project divided in three distinct modules and aims to critically describe the actions and skills acquired while NSPCH. The Module I, held in Centro de Saúde de Alvalade, led to a reformulation of the draft stage, with need to change the initial theme in order to focus on promoting healthy lifestyles in gypsy children living in this health unit´s area of intervention. Module II was conducted in Pediatric´s Orthopedics and Neurosurgery ward, in Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central - Pólo Hospital Dona Estefânia and module III was accomplished both in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and in the Pediatric`s Emergency also in the same Institution, keeping the draft stage initially outlined. It was used a descriptive, analytical and reflective methodology and throughout the report will be presented a set of specialized nursing interventions, either directed to the promotion of child health in the gipsy people or to how to control pain in children by using Non- Pharmacological Strategies in Pain Control
Pain is a multidimensional and complex phenomenon. Nowadays, there is a particular concern regarding the child's pain. In order to prevent and treat pain, despite not replacing pharmacological measures, the use of non-pharmacological strategies has been increasingly observed and their effects should be valued. Understanding the genesis of pain and knowing which non-pharmacological strategies on pain control are appropriate for each stage of childhood development is very important. The task of the Nurse Specialist in Pediatrics and Child Health is to implement these techniques and contribute to the professional and personal development of nurses, increasing not only the quality of care/ patient welfare but also expanding nursing`s autonomous actions. The child's interaction with the environment leads to a dynamic development and parents and family have an important role in this process. Ence, it is up to the Nurse Specialist in Pediatrics and Child Health (NSPCH) to promote their welfare being the one more qualified to pass on knowledge/ information that may promote health, prevent disease and develop skills to handle situations that might distort family functioning. Family participation in care is essential and the NSPCH must support its elements in expressing their fears, doubts and anxieties so that they may find solutions to any problems, thereby establishing a partnership in care, so useful in the treatment of pain. This report emerges from a project divided in three distinct modules and aims to critically describe the actions and skills acquired while NSPCH. The Module I, held in Centro de Saúde de Alvalade, led to a reformulation of the draft stage, with need to change the initial theme in order to focus on promoting healthy lifestyles in gypsy children living in this health unit´s area of intervention. Module II was conducted in Pediatric´s Orthopedics and Neurosurgery ward, in Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Central - Pólo Hospital Dona Estefânia and module III was accomplished both in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and in the Pediatric`s Emergency also in the same Institution, keeping the draft stage initially outlined. It was used a descriptive, analytical and reflective methodology and throughout the report will be presented a set of specialized nursing interventions, either directed to the promotion of child health in the gipsy people or to how to control pain in children by using Non- Pharmacological Strategies in Pain Control
Description
Keywords
Dor Criança Estratégias não farmacológicas no controlo de dor Enfermeiro Especialista em Saúde Infantil e Pediatria Pain Infant Non-pharmacological strategies to control pain Nurse Specialist in Pediatrics and Child Health