A carregar...
Publicação
Saúde oral e traumatologia no desporto
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.77 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Resumo(s)
Introdução: A prática de modalidades desportivas é cada vez mais frequente e apresenta vantagens a vários níveis, nomeadamente no desenvolvimento motor, cognitivo e físico do ser humano. No entanto, diversas modalidades desportivas encontram-se associadas a fatores de risco relevantes, como lesões orofaciais e traumatismos dentários. Estudos demonstram que o traumatismo dentário e orofacial no desporto apresenta uma prevalência considerável e que a aplicação de medidas preventivas, sobretudo em desportos onde estas não são obrigatórias, continua a ser escassa. Esta realidade está frequentemente associada à reduzida literacia e ao desconhecimento dos atletas relativamente<br/>às vantagens da utilização de dispositivos de proteção. Objetivo: Caracterizar a saúde oral e a história de lesões orais causadas por trauma em atletas; conhecer e quantificar os métodos de proteção da traumatologia oral utilizados; definir linhas orientadoras para a utilização de<br/>métodos preventivos na prática desportiva; e validar um questionário aplicável à população portuguesa para estudos de saúde oral e risco de traumatismos em atletas. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal com uma amostra de 69 atletas de diferentes modalidades desportivas. Os dados da pesquisa foram recolhidos através de um questionário autoaplicado composto por 35 perguntas e administrado na plataforma Qualtrics, incluindo: fatores sociodemográficos, prática desportiva, hábitos de higiene oral, histórico de trauma dentário e orofacial, uso de protetor bucal e conhecimento sobre condutas em situações de trauma. Os dados foram analisados de forma descritiva e inferencial através do software IBM SPSS®, considerando um nível de significância de p < 0,05. Resultados: O estudo contou com a participação de 69 atletas, maioritariamente do sexo masculino (76,8%), com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e mais de 27 anos. O futebol foi a modalidade mais praticada (56,5%), seguido do futsal (15,9%) e do kickboxing (14,5%). A maioria praticava desporto há mais de 15 anos (39,1%) e realizava 2 a 3 treinos semanais (56,5%). Relativamente aos hábitos de saúde oral, 85,5% referiram escovar os dentes pelo menos duas vezes por dia, embora apenas 14,5% utilizassem fio dentário diariamente. A maioria realizou consulta médico-dentária nos últimos seis meses (59,4%), sobretudo por motivos preventivos (68,1%). Cerca de 17,4% dos atletas relataram já ter sofrido traumatismos orofaciais, sendo a boca a região mais afetada. Apesar disso, apenas 15,9% utilizavam protetor bucal regularmente e 49,3% não consideravam o seu uso importante, verificando-se também défice de conhecimento relativamente à conduta perante avulsão dentária. Adicionalmente, 18,8% dos participantes referiram redução do rendimento desportivo associada a problemas orais. O questionário aplicado apresentou consistência interna aceitável, com um coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,703, demonstrando fiabilidade adequada para a avaliação da saúde oral e do risco de traumatismos no contexto desportivo. Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciam uma insuficiente literacia em saúde oral e prevenção do traumatismo dentário e orofacial entre atletas, bem como uma reduzida adesão a medidas preventivas. A validação do questionário revelou fiabilidade interna aceitável, confirmando a sua adequação como instrumento de avaliação da saúde oral e do risco de traumatismos em atletas, reforçando a sua utilidade em futuros estudos e intervenções preventivas dirigidas à população desportiva.
Introduction: The practice of sports is increasingly common and offers benefits at multiple levels, particularly in terms of motor, cognitive, and physical development. However, several sports are associated with significant risk factors, such as orofacial injuries and dental trauma. Studies show that dental and orofacial trauma in sports quite common and that preventive measures, especially in sports where their use is not mandatory are still rarely used this is often because athletes don´t know much about the benefits of using protective. Objectives: To characterize oral health and the history of oral injuries caused by trauma in athletes; to identify and quantify the methods of protection used in oral traumatology; to define guidelines for the use of preventive methods in sports practice; and to validate a questionnaire applicable to the Portuguese population for studies on oral health and the risk of trauma in athletes. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a sample of 69 athletes from different sports. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 35 questions - and administered on the Qualtrics platform, including: sociodemographic factors, sports practice, oral hygiene habits, history of dental and orofacial trauma, use of mouth guards, and knowledge about appropriate management of traumatic situations. The data were analysed descriptively and inferentially using IBM SPSS® software, considering a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The study involved 69 athletes, mostly male (76,8%), aged between 18 and over 27. Football was the most popular sport (56.5%), followed by futsal (15,9%) and kickboxing (14,5%). Most had been practicing sports for more than 15 years (39,1%) and trained between two and three times per week (56,5%). Regarding oral health habits, 85,5% reported brushing their teeth at least twice a day, although only 14,5% reported using dental floss daily. Most had visited the dentist in the last six months (59,4%) mainly for preventive reasons (68,1%).Approximately 17,4% of athletes reported having suffered orofacial trauma, with the mouth being the most affected region. Despite this, only 15,9% used mouth guards regularly, and 49,3% did not consider their use important with a lack of knowledge regarding the correct procedure to follow in the event of tooth avulsion also being observed. In addition, 18,8% of participants reported reduced sports performance associated with oral health problems. The questionnaire showed acceptable internal consistency, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.703, demonstrating adequate reliability for assessing oral health and the risk of trauma in sporting context. Conclusion: The results show insufficient oral health and the prevention of dental and orofacial trauma among athletes, as well as reduced adherence to preventive measures. Validation of the questionnaire revealed acceptable internal reliability, confirming its suitability as an instrument for assessing oral health and trauma risk in athletes reinforcing its usefulness for future studies and preventive interventions targeting the sporting population.
Introduction: The practice of sports is increasingly common and offers benefits at multiple levels, particularly in terms of motor, cognitive, and physical development. However, several sports are associated with significant risk factors, such as orofacial injuries and dental trauma. Studies show that dental and orofacial trauma in sports quite common and that preventive measures, especially in sports where their use is not mandatory are still rarely used this is often because athletes don´t know much about the benefits of using protective. Objectives: To characterize oral health and the history of oral injuries caused by trauma in athletes; to identify and quantify the methods of protection used in oral traumatology; to define guidelines for the use of preventive methods in sports practice; and to validate a questionnaire applicable to the Portuguese population for studies on oral health and the risk of trauma in athletes. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with a sample of 69 athletes from different sports. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 35 questions - and administered on the Qualtrics platform, including: sociodemographic factors, sports practice, oral hygiene habits, history of dental and orofacial trauma, use of mouth guards, and knowledge about appropriate management of traumatic situations. The data were analysed descriptively and inferentially using IBM SPSS® software, considering a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The study involved 69 athletes, mostly male (76,8%), aged between 18 and over 27. Football was the most popular sport (56.5%), followed by futsal (15,9%) and kickboxing (14,5%). Most had been practicing sports for more than 15 years (39,1%) and trained between two and three times per week (56,5%). Regarding oral health habits, 85,5% reported brushing their teeth at least twice a day, although only 14,5% reported using dental floss daily. Most had visited the dentist in the last six months (59,4%) mainly for preventive reasons (68,1%).Approximately 17,4% of athletes reported having suffered orofacial trauma, with the mouth being the most affected region. Despite this, only 15,9% used mouth guards regularly, and 49,3% did not consider their use important with a lack of knowledge regarding the correct procedure to follow in the event of tooth avulsion also being observed. In addition, 18,8% of participants reported reduced sports performance associated with oral health problems. The questionnaire showed acceptable internal consistency, with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.703, demonstrating adequate reliability for assessing oral health and the risk of trauma in sporting context. Conclusion: The results show insufficient oral health and the prevention of dental and orofacial trauma among athletes, as well as reduced adherence to preventive measures. Validation of the questionnaire revealed acceptable internal reliability, confirming its suitability as an instrument for assessing oral health and trauma risk in athletes reinforcing its usefulness for future studies and preventive interventions targeting the sporting population.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Saúde oral Medicina dentária desportiva Protetores bucais Oral health Sports dentistry Mouthguards
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Licença CC
Sem licença CC