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Chemical and structural characterization of Pholiota nameko extracts with biological properties

Publication . Rodrigues, Dina; Freitas, Ana C.; Sousa, Sérgio; Amorim, Manuela; Vasconcelos, Marta W.; Costa, João P. da; Silva, Artur M. S.; Rocha-Santos, Teresa A. P.; Duarte, Armando C.; Gomes, Ana M. P.

Edible mushrooms including Pholiota nameko are excellent sources of extractable bioactive compounds with much to explore. Enzymatic extractions with Cellulase and Viscozyme were responsible for highest extraction yields (67-77%). No strong antioxidant activity was observed although extracts were able to scavenge ABTS(+) and OH(+). Potential prebiotic activity was observed in all extracts, some increasing 1.4-2 Log cycles of Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis BB12. 30-50% α-glucosidase inhibition was observed in ultrasound, Flavourzyme and Cellulase extracts. Flavourzyme and Cellulase extracts are richer in macro (Mg, K and P) and micro elements (Zn, Mn and Fe) in comparison to mushroom. Monosaccharides content and profile varied slightly among both extracts with predominance of glucose, galactose and mannose with no uronic acids detection; Flavourzyme extract reported higher free amino acids content. Presence of α and β-glycosidic structures such as glucans and glucan-protein complexes are among the polysaccharides found in both extracts.

2017Journal article

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Chemical composition and nutritive value of Pleurotus citrinopileatus var cornucopiae, P. eryngii, P. salmoneo stramineus, Pholiota nameko and Hericium erinaceus

Publication . Rodrigues, Dina M. F.; Freitas, Ana C.; Rocha-Santos, Teresa A. P.; Vasconcelos, Marta W.; Roriz, Mariana; Rodríguez-Alcalá, Luís M.; Gomes, Ana M. P.; Duarte, Armando C.

The chemical composition and nutritive value of five mushrooms species, some less studied such as Pleurotus citrinopileatus var. cornucopiae, P. salmoneo stramineus or Pholiota nameko, were determined. Protein, sugar and fat contents ranged between 16.2 to 26.6, 52.7 to 64.9 and 2.3 to 3.5 g/100g(dry mushroom), respectively. Highest total phenolic content was observed for P. citrinopileatus var. cornucopiae with 1140 mu g cathecol equiv./g(dry mushroom). Higher content in mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA) than saturated FA characterized mushrooms FA profile with high linoleic acid concentration (> 30 gFA/100g(fat)). In addition, these mushrooms may be considered good sources of K, Mg, P, highlighting K (2627-3736 mg/Kg(dry mushroom)) as the most predominant, and of Zn, Cu and Fe; some contributing over 15 % of their recommended daily intakes. beta-glucans, alpha-glucans and evidence of glucan-protein complexes were identified by FTIR-ATR. The reported values emphasize the nutritional potential of the five species to be consumed in a healthy diet.

2015Journal article

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Chemical composition of red, brown and green macroalgae from Buarcos bay in Central West Coast of Portugal

Publication . Rodrigues, Dina; Freitas, Ana C.; Pereira, Leonel; Rocha-Santos, Teresa A. P.; Vasconcelos, Marta W.; Roriz, Mariana; Rodríguez-Alcalá, Luís M.; Gomes, Ana M. P.; Duarte, Armando C.

Six representative edible seaweeds from the Central West Portuguese Coast, including the less studied Osmundea pinnatifida, were harvested from Buarcos bay, Portugal and their chemical characterization determined. Protein content, total sugar and fat contents ranged between 14.4% and 23.8%, 32.4% and 49.3% and 0.6–3.6%. Highest total phenolic content was observed in Codium tomentosum followed by Sargassum muticum and O. pinnatifida. Fatty acid (FA) composition covered the branched chain C13ai to C22:5 n3 with variable content in n6 and n3 FA; low n6:n3 ratios were observed in O. pinnatifida, Grateloupia turuturu and C. tomentosum. Some seaweed species may be seen as good sources of Ca, K, Mg and Fe, corroborating their good nutritional value. According to FTIR-ATR spectra, G. turuturu was associated with carrageenan seaweed producers whereas Gracilaria gracilis and O. pinnatifida were mostly agar producers. In the brown algae, S. muticum and Saccorhiza polyschides, alginates and fucoidans were the main polysaccharides found.

2015Journal article

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Characterization of freezing effect upon stability of, probiotic loaded, calcium-alginate microparticles

Publication . Sousa, Sérgio; Gomes, Ana M.; Pintado, Maria M.; Silva, José P.; Costa, Paulo; Amaral, Maria H.; Duarte, Armando C.; Rodrigues, Dina; Rocha-Santos, Teresa A. P.; Freitas, Ana C.

Microencapsulation, utilizing different techniques and polymers, has been studied with the objective of maintaining probiotic viability in food matrices, protecting the cells from their detrimental environment, storage conditions andthe passage of gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of freezing at−20◦C upon probiotic alginate-calcium microparticles’ integrity and functionality through parameters such as size,morphology and structure of microparticles as well as to assess cell resistance to simulated gastrointestinal tractconditions upon storage. In order to study the effect of freezing upon the stability of the microparticles, calcium-alginate microparticles, with or without probiotic cells (Lactobacillus casei-01, Lactobacillus paracasei L26, Lactobacillusacidophilus KI and Bifidobacterium animalis BB-12), were characterized at production time and after 60 days storage at−20◦C. An increase in particle size, loss of the spherical shape and porous net damages were observed after 60 daysof storage at −20◦C. In accordance, encapsulation in alginate was not able to exert protection to the encapsulatedprobiotic cells stored at −20◦C for 60 days, especially from acid and particularly bile salts. B. animalis BB-12 revealedto be the most resistant probiotic strain, to both the microencapsulation process and to GIT simulated conditions.

2015Journal article

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Bioactive polysaccharides extracts from sargassum muticumby high hydrostatic pressure

Publication . Rodrigues, Dina; Freitas, Ana C.; Queirós, Rui; Rocha-Santos, Teresa A. P.; Saraiva, Jorge A.; Gomes, Ana M. P.; Duarte, Armando C.

Sargassum muticum is an important source of bioactive polysaccharides; hence, high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) was used to improve their extraction efficiency. Response surface methodology and a Box-Behnken full factorial design were employed to assess and optimize the effects of extraction conditions on the yield, total sugars, total sulfated sugars and antioxidant activity of S. muticum extracts. The extraction yield ranged between 32 and 40.4% independently of the extraction conditions or seaweed solid/liquid ratio resulting in average increases of 3.6 to 4.8-fold for total sugars and sulfated sugars, as compared to conventional extraction. Extracts displayed improved antioxidant activities, yet maximum values were achieved under different optimum conditions of HHP processing, for example, 5–5.5 min, 300 MPa and 1 g of dry seaweed for yield. In conclusion, the optimal HHP technology conditions described in this paper enables to obtain enriched bioactive polysaccharide S. muticum extracts.

2017Journal article

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