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- Agenda 21 local e alterações climáticasPublication . Macedo, Pedro; Ferreira, Helena; Macedo, Marta
- The lifecycle of a voluntary policy innovation: the case of local Agenda 21Publication . Pinto, Marta; Macedo, Marta; Macedo, Pedro; Almeida, Conceição; Silva, MargaridaLocal Agenda 21 (LA21) emerged 23 years ago as a voluntary policy innovation for local governments aiming at sustainability and has now completed its lifecycle. We aim at a second look at LA21 from the standpoint of the institutional and innovation diffusion theories and with Portugal as case study. Results show a three moment lifecycle for LA21, each with distinct diffusion patterns. The Dawn, stymied by lack of regional and national leadership, was likely fuelled by a learning mechanism. It lasted 10 years and involved a mere 1% of the potential adopters. The Zenith took place when other countries had already come full circle. During this phase 27% of the local governments became active and both coercion and competition stand out as relevant engines. Twilight, most probably powered through coercion, competition and imitation mechanisms, took LA21 to a steady state with an additional 19% of local governments enrolling. Since then LA21 has shown departures in several different directions, including oblivion. We speculate, based on preliminary data that, although most LA21 are no longer active, a durable setting was created that promotes further innovation and public participation.
- Plano estratégico de ambiente da Área Metropolitana do PortoPublication . Macedo, Pedro; Macedo, Marta; Pinto, Marta; Almeida, ConceiçãoO Plano Estratégico de Ambiente da Área Metropolitana do Porto – conhecido abreviadamente como Futuro Sustentável – é um processo através do qual as autarquias trabalham em parceria com os demais agentes locais e regionais na elaboração e implementação de um Plano de Acção de modo a proteger o ambiente, promover a sustentabilidade ao nível local e intermunicipal e melhorar a qualidade de vida dos cidadãos. Iniciado em 2003, culminou em 2008 na apresentação pública deste documento, tendo sido iniciada a fase de implementação. Abarca os temas da Água, Educação para a sustentabilidade, Mobilidade e Ordenamento do território e áreas naturais.