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  • Active and healthy aging after COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal and other European countries: time to rethink strategies and foster action
    Publication . Costa, Andreia; Camara, Gisele; Arriaga, Miguel Telo de; Nogueira, Paulo; Miguel, José Pereira
    The population aging in Europe imposes challenges to societies that require adaptations and responses at various levels to minimize impacts and figuring out opportunities. Portugal has been committed to the World Health Organization and European Union's values and policy frameworks concerning active and healthy aging. In 2017, an inter-ministerial working group developed the National Strategy for Active and Healthy Aging. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic that exposed the vulnerabilities of older populations, the launch of the Decade of Healthy Aging 2021-2030 and its baseline report and the 2018 Active Aging Index Analytical Report may constitute an opportunity to strategically think about the aging of the population as a national purpose in Portugal and in the other European countries that face similar challenges.
  • The role of health preconditions on COVID-19 deaths in Portugal: evidence from surveillance data of the first 20293 infection cases
    Publication . Nogueira, Paulo Jorge; Nobre, Miguel de Araújo; Costa, Andreia; Ribeiro, Ruy M.; Furtado, Cristina; Nicolau, Leonor Bacelar; Camarinha, Catarina; Luís, Márcia; Abrantes, Ricardo; Carneiro, António Vaz
    Background: It is essential to study the effect of potential co-factors on the risk of death in patients infected by COVID-19. The identification of risk factors is important to allow more efficient public health and health services strategic interventions with a significant impact on deaths by COVID-19. This study aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 deaths in Portugal. Methods: A national dataset with the first 20,293 patients infected with COVID-19 between 1 January and 21 April 2020 was analyzed. The primary outcome measure was mortality by COVID-19, measured (registered and confirmed) by Medical Doctors serving as health delegates on the daily death registry. A logistic regression model using a generalized linear model was used for estimating Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for each potential risk indicator. Results: A total of 502 infected patients died of COVID-19. The risk factors for increased odds of death by COVID-19 were: sex (male: OR = 1.47, ref = female), age ((56-60) years, OR = 6.01; (61-65) years, OR = 10.5; (66-70) years, OR = 20.4; (71-75) years, OR = 34; (76-80) years, OR = 50.9; (81-85) years, OR = 70.7; (86-90) years, OR = 83.2; (91-95) years, OR = 91.8; (96-104) years, OR = 140.2, ref = (0-55)), Cardiac disease (OR = 2.86), Kidney disorder (OR = 2.95), and Neuromuscular disorder (OR = 1.58), while condition (None (absence of precondition); OR = 0.49) was associated with a reduced chance of dying after adjusting for other variables of interest. Conclusions: Besides age and sex, preconditions justify the risk difference in mortality by COVID-19.
  • Levels of health literacy
    Publication . Arriaga, Miguel; Santos, Benvinda; Silva, Andreia Jorge; Francisco, Rita; Nogueira, Paulo; Oliveira, Jorge; Silva, Carlota; Mata, Francisco; Chaves, Nicole; Lopatina, Maria; Sorensen, Kristine; Dietscher, Christina; Freitas, Graça