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- Critical knowledge gaps and research needs related to the environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistancePublication . Larsson, D. G. Joakim; Andremont, Antoine; Bengtsson-Palme, Johan; Brandt, Kristian Koefoed; Husman, Ana Maria de Roda; Fagerstedt, Patriq; Fick, Jerker; Flach, Carl-Fredrik; Gaze, William H.; Kuroda, Makoto; Kvint, Kristian; Laxminarayan, Ramanan; Manaia, Celia M.; Nielsen, Kaare Magne; Plant, Laura; Ploy, Marie-Cecile; Segovia, Carlos; Simonet, Pascal; Smalla, Kornelia; Snape, Jason; Topp, Edward; van Hengel, Arjon J.; Verner-Jeffreys, David W.; Virta, Marko P. J.; Wellington, Elizabeth M.; Wernersson, Ann-SofieThere is growing understanding that the environment plays an important role both in the transmission of antibiotic resistant pathogens and in their evolution. Accordingly, researchers and stakeholders world-wide seek to further explore the mechanisms and drivers involved, quantify risks and identify suitable interventions. There is a clear value in establishing research needs and coordinating efforts within and across nations in order to best tackle this global challenge. At an international workshop in late September 2017, scientists from 14 countries with expertise on the environmental dimensions of antibiotic resistance gathered to define critical knowledge gaps. Four key areas were identified where research is urgently needed: 1) the relative contributions of different sources of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant bacteria into the environment; 2) the role of the environment, and particularly anthropogenic inputs, in the evolution of resistance; 3) the overall human and animal health impacts caused by exposure to environmental resistant bacteria; and 4) the efficacy and feasibility of different technological, social, economic and behavioral interventions to mitigate environmental antibiotic resistance.1
- Every fifth published metagenome is not available to sciencePublication . Eckert, Ester M.; Cesare, Andrea Di; Fontaneto, Diego; Berendonk, Thomas U.; Bürgmann, Helmut; Cytryn, Eddie; Fatta-Kassinos, Despo; Franzetti, Andrea; Larsson, D. G. Joakim; Manaia, Célia M.; Pruden, Amy; Singer, Andrew C.; Udikovic-Kolic, Nikolina; Corno, GianlucaHave you ever sought to use metagenomic DNA sequences reported in scientific publications? Were you successful? Here, we reveal that metagenomes from no fewer than 20% of the papers found in our literature search, published between 2016 and 2019, were not deposited in a repository or were simply inaccessible. The proportion of inaccessible data within the literature has been increasing year-on-year. Noncompliance with Open Data is best predicted by the scientific discipline of the journal. The number of citations, journal type (e.g., Open Access or subscription journals), and publisher are not good predictors of data accessibility. However, many publications in high–impact factor journals do display a higher likelihood of accessible metagenomic data sets. Twenty-first century science demands compliance with the ethical standard of data sharing of metagenomes and DNA sequence data more broadly. Data accessibility must become one of the routine and mandatory components of manuscript submissions—a requirement that should be applicable across the increasing number of disciplines using metagenomics. Compliance must be ensured and reinforced by funders, publishers, editors, reviewers, and, ultimately, the authors.