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- Evidências de validade da versão portuguesa do ìndice de Reatividade Interpessoal para CasaisPublication . Coutinho, Joana; Beiramar, Ana; Silva, Carla; Lema, Alberto; Lima, Vânia; GraceIII, Randolph; Oliveira-Silva, Patrícia; Gonçalves, Óscar; Sampaio, AdrianaEste estudo teve como principal objetivo traduzir e adaptar para língua portuguesa o Índice de Reatividade Interpessoal para Casais (IRIC), analisando as propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa. Esse é um instrumento de avaliação da empatia em casais, que resultou da adaptação de uma das mais usadas escalas de empatia, o Índice de Reatividade Interpessoal de Davis, para o contexto das relações íntimas. O IRIC avalia dimensões de empatia cognitiva (tomada de perspetiva) e emocional (preocupação empática), importantes para a estabilidade e satisfação das relações conjugais. A escala original foi traduzida para português e administrada a 148 sujeitos que estavam numa relação amorosa há pelo menos um ano. A maioria dos sujeitos eram mulheres com uma média de idades de 27 anos. Os resultados revelam uma estrutura fatorial semelhante à escala original, valores adequados de consistência interna (alfa de Cronbach=0,82) e bons níveis de validade externa com uma escala de ajustamento diádico.
- Vagal modulation of 1-month-old infants to auditory stimuli is associated with self-regulatory behaviorPublication . Cruz, Sara; Ferreira-Santos, Fernando; Oliveira-Silva, Patrícia; Ribeiro, Eugénia; Gonçalves, Óscar; Sampaio, AdrianaDuring infancy, cardiac vagal modulation has been associated with attentional and social engagement behaviors. While studies have shown that infants display a behavioral repertoire that enables them to interact with others by being able to regulate themselves in order to attend to and to discriminate emotional and social cues, vagal modulation to sensory stimuli and its association with behavioral outcomes at early ages remains to be addressed. In this study, we analyzed the cardiac vagal response of 1-month-old infants to two auditory stimuli intensities and whether vagal response was associated with social interactive and self-regulatory abilities. Therefore, we recorded cardiac and respiratory physiological responses in 28 infants using a Biopac System. Neurobehavioral assessment was performed using the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale. We observed increased respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) amplitude to both auditory stimuli intensities when compared to baseline. No intensity effect was found for the RSA response. Additionally, we observed that higher RSA amplitude to both auditory stimuli was positively correlated with adjusted self-regulatory behaviors, suggesting a convergence between multiple measures assessing infants' state regulation. Results are discussed in light of 1-month-old infants' auditory stimuli processing and its implications for regulatory behaviors and the emergent social-like behaviors.
- Empathy by default: correlates in the brain at restPublication . Silva, Patrícia Oliveira; Maia, Liliana; Coutinho, Joana; Frank, Brandon; Soares, José Miguel; Sampaio, Adriana; Gonçalves, ÓscarBackground: Empathy, defi ned as the ability to access and respond to the inner world of another person, is a multidimensional construct involving cognitive, emotional and self-regulatory mechanisms. Neuroimaging studies report that empathy recruits brain regions which are part of the social cognition network. Among the different resting state networks, the Default Mode Network (DMN) may be of particular interest for the study of empathy since it has been implicated in social cognition tasks. Method: The current study compared the cognitive and emotional empathy scores, as measured by the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, with the patterns of activation within the DMN, through the neuroimaging methodology of resting-state functional magnetic resonance. Results: Results suggest a signifi cant positive correlation between cognitive empathy and activation of the bilateral superior medial frontal cortex nodes of the DMN. Contrastingly, a negative correlation was found between emotional empathy and the same brain region. Conclusions: Overall, this data highlights a critical role of the medial cortical regions of the DMN, specifi cally its anterior node, for both cognitive and emotional domains of the empathic process.