CBQF - Contribuições em Revistas Científicas / Contribution to Journals
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Browsing CBQF - Contribuições em Revistas Científicas / Contribution to Journals by Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) "03:Saúde de Qualidade"
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- Advancing diabetes treatment: from human beta cell technology to bioartificial pancreas developmentPublication . Sá, Joana; Sá, Simone; Leménager, Hélène; Costa, Raquel; Onteniente, Brigitte; Soares, Raquel; Ribeiro, Viviana P.; Oliveira, Ana L.In 2021, approximately 537 million people worldwide, primarily in low- and middle-income countries, were affected by diabetes, leading to approximately 6.7 million deaths annually or severe secondary complications including life-threatening hyperglycemia. For nearly 50 years, current therapeutic approaches include full pancreas transplantation and isolated pancreatic islets, more recently, cell therapy such as in vitro generated islets and stem cell derived. The transplantation of pancreatic islet cells can be less invasive than full organ transplantation, however, does not achieve the same rate of functional success due to the low survival of the engrafted cells. Tissue-engineered bioartificial pancreas has been designed to address such issues, improving cell engraftment, survival, and immune rejection problems, with the added advantage that the tissue produced in vitro has an unlimited source of material.
- A case study on the microbiological consequences of short supply chains in high-income countries—the consequences of good handling practices (GHPs) in vegetable outlets in PortugalPublication . Macieira, Ariana; Brandão, Teresa R. S.; Teixeira, PaulaVegetables are commodities frequently sold in local markets and have been associated with foodborne outbreaks in short and local supply outlets worldwide. These outbreaks could potentially be mitigated through the implementation of good handling practices (GHPs) at points of sale. Numerous studies have assessed microbiological contamination in small-scale vegetable outlets in developing countries. In contrast, research on these risks in developed countries is comparatively scarce. However, with the increasing demand for vegetables, along with the increasing popularity of local markets, there is potential for an increase in foodborne outbreaks in developed countries. This study aimed to perform a microbiological assessment in local and short supply chain outlets of farmers in Portugal, as a case study, and to observe behaviors regarding GHPs in these outlets. The study was performed before and after the implementation of improved GHPs. This research employed quantitative analysis to measure the microbial load on vegetables, bench surfaces, and vendors’ hands. Additionally, a qualitative analysis was conducted to understand farmers’ behavior regarding GHPs using observational methods. Microbial hazards were detected in vegetables, on surfaces, and on hands both before and after the implementation of these practices, although the implementation of GHPs reduced the number of contaminations potentially associated with the practices used at the outlets. The results of this study highlight the importance of implementing GHPs in local and short supply chain markets for vegetables and fruits in developed countries, not only to protect consumers’ health, but also the farmers’ businesses.
- Effects of dietary polyphenols on vasculogenic erectile dysfunction: a systematic review of pre-clinical studiesPublication . Geraldo, Rafaela; Castro, Catarina; Pinto, Elisabete; Vasconcelos, Marta W.; Neves, DelmindaErectile dysfunction (ED) is a medical condition characterized by the inability to achieve or maintain a satisfactory erection, primarily treated with oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Treatment effectiveness is diminished in severe vasculogenic ED, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus, highlighting the need for exploring alternative/complementary interventions. Among them, dietary phenolic compounds are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This systematic review focuses on catechin (EGCG), quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin and their influence on the pathophysiology of ED. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO registration number CRD42023402016) searches across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science until October 2024 were conducted using relevant keywords. Inclusion criteria required original articles in English, while in silico studies, review articles, editorials, and original studies lacking essential polyphenol administration information were excluded. After an initial search that located 409, 445, and 285 publications in each database respectively, rigorous screening resulted in 26 publications comprising animal, ex vivo, and in vitro studies. Their quality was assessed using GRADE and SYRCLE ROB tools, revealing an overall “medium-high” or “high quality.” These polyphenols consistently demonstrated improvements in erectile function, encompassing behavioral, functional, molecular, and hormonal aspects. However, limitations were identified, such as the predominant reliance on animal models and in vitro trials, which may not precisely reflect human physiological responses. Further clinical investigations are needed to ascertain data translational potential, standardize dosages, and establish safe and effective prescription recommendations. Prioritizing clinical trials is essential for validating the widespread applicability and efficacy of polyphenols in managing ED.
- Global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity, 1990-2021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021Publication . GBD 2021 Adult BMI; Ng, Marie; Gakidou, Emmanuela; Lo, Justin; Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Nasir; Abbasian, Mohammadreza; ElHafeez, Samar Abd; Abdel-Rahman, Wael M.; Abd-Elsalam, Sherief; Abdollahi, Arash; Abdoun, Meriem; Abdulah, Deldar Morad; Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi; Abdullahi, Auwal; Abedi, Armita; Abeywickrama, Hansani Madushika; Abie, Alemwork; Aboagye, Richard Gyan; Abohashem, Shady; Abtahi, Dariush; Abualruz, Hasan; Abubakar, Bilyaminu; Farha, Rana Kamal Abu; Abukhadijah, Hana J.; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M. E.; Aburuz, Salahdein; Abu-Zaid, Ahmed; Adams, Lisa C.; Adane, Mesafint Molla; Addo, Isaac Yeboah; Adedokun, Kamoru Ademola; Adegoke, Nurudeen A.; Adepoju, Abiola Victor Victor; Adesola, Ridwan Olamilekan; Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther; Adiga, Usha; Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah; Afaghi, Siamak; Afzal, Saira; Afzal, Muhammad Sohail; Agampodi, Thilini Chanchala; Aghamiri, Shahin; Sobrinho, Cesar Agostinis; Agyemang-Duah, Williams; Ahlstrom, Austin J.; Ahmad, Danish; Ahmad, Sajjad; Fernandes, João C.; Ferreira, NunoBackground Overweight and obesity is a global epidemic. Forecasting future trajectories of the epidemic is crucial for providing an evidence base for policy change. In this study, we examine the historical trends of the global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity from 1990 to 2021 and forecast the future trajectories to 2050. Methods Leveraging established methodology from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, we estimated the prevalence of overweight and obesity among individuals aged 25 years and older by age and sex for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2050. Retrospective and current prevalence trends were derived based on both self-reported and measured anthropometric data extracted from 1350 unique sources, which include survey microdata and reports, as well as published literature. Specific adjustment was applied to correct for self-report bias. Spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression models were used to synthesise data, leveraging both spatial and temporal correlation in epidemiological trends, to optimise the comparability of results across time and geographies. To generate forecast estimates, we used forecasts of the Socio-demographic Index and temporal correlation patterns presented as annualised rate of change to inform future trajectories. We considered a reference scenario assuming the continuation of historical trends. Findings Rates of overweight and obesity increased at the global and regional levels, and in all nations, between 1990 and 2021. In 2021, an estimated 1·00 billion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 0·989–1·01) adult males and 1·11 billion (1·10–1·12) adult females had overweight and obesity. China had the largest population of adults with overweight and obesity (402 million [397–407] individuals), followed by India (180 million [167–194]) and the USA (172 million [169–174]). The highest age-standardised prevalence of overweight and obesity was observed in countries in Oceania and north Africa and the Middle East, with many of these countries reporting prevalence of more than 80% in adults. Compared with 1990, the global prevalence of obesity had increased by 155·1% (149·8–160·3) in males and 104·9% (95% UI 100·9–108·8) in females. The most rapid rise in obesity prevalence was observed in the north Africa and the Middle East super-region, where age-standardised prevalence rates in males more than tripled and in females more than doubled. Assuming the continuation of historical trends, by 2050, we forecast that the total number of adults living with overweight and obesity will reach 3·80 billion (95% UI 3·39–4·04), over half of the likely global adult population at that time. While China, India, and the USA will continue to constitute a large proportion of the global population with overweight and obesity, the number in the sub-Saharan Africa super-region is forecasted to increase by 254·8% (234·4–269·5). In Nigeria specifically, the number of adults with overweight and obesity is forecasted to rise to 141 million (121–162) by 2050, making it the country with the fourth-largest population with overweight and obesity. Interpretation No country to date has successfully curbed the rising rates of adult overweight and obesity. Without immediate and effective intervention, overweight and obesity will continue to increase globally. Particularly in Asia and Africa, driven by growing populations, the number of individuals with overweight and obesity is forecast to rise substantially. These regions will face a considerable increase in obesity-related disease burden. Merely acknowledging obesity as a global health issue would be negligent on the part of global health and public health practitioners; more aggressive and targeted measures are required to address this crisis, as obesity is one of the foremost avertible risks to health now and in the future and poses an unparalleled threat of premature disease and death at local, national, and global levels.
- Omega-3 and conjugated fatty acids impact on human microbiota modulation using an in vitro fecal fermentation modelPublication . Salsinha, Ana Sofia; Araújo-Rodrigues, Helena; Dias, Cindy; Cima, André; Rodríguez-Alcalá, Luís Miguel; Relvas, João B.; Pintado, ManuelaBackground& aims: Gut microbiota has been gaining increasing attention and itsimportant role in the maintenance of a general good health condition is alreadyestablished. The potential of gut microbiota modulation through diet is animportant research focus to be considered. Lipids, as omega-3 fatty acids, arewell known for their beneficial role on organs and corresponding diseases.However, their impact on gut microbiota is still poorly defined, and studies onthe role of other polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as conjugated linoleic andlinolenic acids, are even scarcer. Methods: By using an in vitro humanfermentation model, we assessed the effect of omega-3, CLA iso mers, andpunicic acid on microbiota modulation. Results: Fish oil, Omega-3, and CLAsamples positively impact Akkermansia spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. growth.Moreover, all the samples supported Roseburia spp. growth after 24 h offermentation and, importantly, they were able to maintain the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio near 1. All the bioactive fatty acid samples, exceptPomegranate oil, were able to significantly increase butyrate levels comparedto those found in the positive control (FOS) sample. Moreover, Fish oil andOmega-3 samples were able to increase the concentration of GABA, alanine,tyrosine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, and leucine between 12 and 24 h offermentation. Conclusions: The impact of the assessed polyunsaturated fattyacids in gut microbiota has been observed in its impact on key bacteria(Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Roseburia) as well as their metabolic byproducts,including butyrate and amino acids, which could potentially play a role inmodulating the gut-brain axis.
- Organic acids in food preservation: exploring synergies, molecular insights, and sustainable applicationsPublication . Sorathiya, Kavita Bhavin; Melo, Adma; Hogg, Maria Conceição; Pintado, ManuelaFood safety is a critical global health concern, as the consumption of unsafe food can lead to various acute and chronic diseases. While various preservation methods are employed to prevent food spoilage, it remains a significant issue for the food industry, resulting not only in food waste but also significant economic losses for manufacturers and consumers alike. Furthermore, there is growing consumer concern regarding food quality and safety, leading to the rejection of chemical additives due to their associated health risks. Organic acids, naturally occurring compounds of plants and animals, and produced by various beneficial microorganisms, play an important role in enhancing food flavor, preserving nutritional quality, and extending the shelf life of food products. Recognized for their antimicrobial potential, organic acids are commonly utilized as food preservatives, thus contributing to food safety. This review focuses on organic acids as natural preservatives within the food industry. It delves into their chemical structures, mode of action in cells, the types commonly used in preservation along with their general properties, and their antimicrobial activity against bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. These insights are drawn from the published literature, providing comprehensive understanding of the role organic acids play in ensuring food safety and maintaining food quality.
- Sourdough microbiota in combination with bioengineering tools towards preparation of functional molecules from bovine colostrum for agri-food, nutraceutical, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industryPublication . Rocha, João Miguel; Karav, Sercan; Bartkiene, ElenaBovine colostrum, also known as “first milk” or “first food”, is produced by healthy mammary glands until the first 72 hours post-partum, after which it acquires the typical physicochemical, microbiological, nutritional and rheological characteristics of milk. Colostrum is composed of unique bioactive compounds, which are divided into two main classes: immunological (immunoglobulins, antibodies, proline-rich polypeptides, glycomacropeptides, glycoproteins, lactalbumins, lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, cytokines, lysozymes) and growth factors [epidermal (EgF), insulin like (IgF-1 and IgF-2), transforming (TgF-A and TgF-B) and plaquette-derived growth factors, vitamins and minerals]. The use of colostrum to treat illnesses and to contribute to the well-being dates from thousands of years ago. The prophylactic and therapeutical use of immune milk presented satisfactory success in the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections produced by Escherichia coli strains, in gastroenteritis treatments in children originated by rotavirus, in the treatment of cryptoccidiosis (or cryptococcal disease, a disease caused by one of two species of fungi belonging to the genus of Cryptococcus) and diarrhoea in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and other immunological illnesses, and in the prevention of dental caries, among many other examples. In all these cases, colostrum was collected from cows previously hyper-immunised with specific pathogens. Thanks to the biotechnological advances obtained in the last decades, it has been demonstrated that the immunological and growth factors present in colostrum composition are transferable along all the food chain between mammal species and are not species-specific. Hence, a major opportunity to expand the renewed market niche of colostrum has emerged rapidly and its reintroduction in the market depends in biotechnological breakthroughs. In this context, this presentation is focused in research studies that have been undertaken aiming at the implementation of a novel biological technology for the production of functional molecules from bovine colostrum through bioengineering tools based on the ultrasonication in combination with sourdough LAB fermentation and dehydration, resulting in a safe material with constant quality and a very high-added value for the development of innovative products in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, nutraceutical and agri-food industry. This new technological approach to process and use the bovine colostrum represents a breakthrough that worth exploring.