Percorrer por data de Publicação, começado por "2025-12-17"
A mostrar 1 - 4 de 4
Resultados por página
Opções de ordenação
- Antimicrobial potential of six plant essential oils against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae: in vitro activity and in planta efficacy do not always alignPublication . Silva, Marta Nunes da; Santos, Miguel G.; Vasconcelos, Marta W.; Carvalho, Susana M. P.Plant essential oils (EOs) are attracting interest as ecofriendly alternatives to antibiotics and copper-based control of kiwifruit bacterial canker (KBC), caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa). This study chemically profiled six EOs (anise, basil, cardamom, cumin, fennel, and laurel) and evaluated their antimicrobial activity both in vitro and in planta. The in vitro assay targeted four strains, two of Psa and two of the low-virulent P. syringae pv. actinidifoliorum (Pfm), whereas the in planta assay focused on the highly virulent Psa7286 strain, assessed under preventive and curative application regimes (i.e., 14 days pre- or post-inoculation, respectively). Cumin, with cuminaldehyde as its major component (48%), was the most effective EO in vitro, significantly inhibiting growth at 5–10% concentration, whereas anise, rich in anethole (89%), was consistently the least effective one. However, the in planta application of the EOs produced antimicrobial effects that differed markedly from in vitro results and showed strong dependence on the timing of application. Preventive treatment significantly reduced Psa endophytic populations in basil (70%), anise (54%), laurel (42%), and cumin (35%) compared to untreated plants. In contrast, when the EOs were applied post-inoculation (curative treatment), a significant decrease in Psa colonization was observed in laurel (81%), cardamon (70%), cumin (31%) and fennel (29%). Although plant EOs are gaining momentum in the control of Psa and other diseases, translation from in vitro to in planta efficacy is not direct and is strongly timing-dependent, which underscores the need to perform validation trials in planta and to fine-tune application schedules for the integrated management of KBC.
- Os conflitos entre acionistas e gestores à luz da teoria da agência : mecanismos de controloPublication . Condesso, Inês Rochinha dos Santos Neves; Cruz, Nuno Moreira daThis dissertation focuses on an in-depth analysis of Agency Theory, an economic approach that provides a conceptual framework for understanding and resolving the conflicts that emerge in contemporary corporate structures as a result of the misalignment of interests between the principal and the agent. The scope of this study proposes to offer a critical and comprehensive view of the challenges inherent in agency conflicts between shareholders and managers in companies where the separation between ownership and control is manifest. Recognizing the complexity of modern corporate structures, this research explores the points of conflict between shareholders and managers, highlighting the relevance and effectiveness of corporate governance in mitigating the problems identified. The dissertation thus delves into a detailed analysis of the mechanisms for controlling the conduct of managers, preventing potential deviations from the social interest that could jeopardize the continuity and long-term sustainability of companies.
- Inteligência artificial nos processos de recrutamento e seleção : uma revisão sistemática da literaturaPublication . Franco, Rita Barbosa; Rego, José Arménio Belo da SilvaEste trabalho procura compreender como a Inteligência Artificial tem sido integrada nos processos de recrutamento e seleção nos departamentos de Recursos Humanos, analisando as suas implicações e os potenciais impactos tanto para as empresas e profissionais de recrutamento, como para os candidatos. A Inteligência Artificial é um conceito recente que tem vindo a ganhar crescente relevância nos últimos anos, provando ser capaz de transformar profundamente diversos setores, nomeadamente a gestão de recursos humanos. Os resultados deste trabalho evidenciam que o uso crescente da inteligência artificial nos processos de recrutamento e seleção contribui para uma maior eficiência, redução de custos e otimização da gestão do tempo. Contudo, a aplicação destas tecnologias não está isenta de limitações, uma vez que a sua utilização pouco consciente pode originar efeitos adversos, nomeadamente o reforço de vieses e o aumento da rotatividade de pessoal. Ao longo deste trabalho, será conduzida uma revisão sistemática da literatura, com o intuito de compreender e analisar as principais aplicações recentes das tecnologias de automação, assim como as suas limitações, de modo a permitir que as empresas e recrutadores façam um uso consciente e informado destas ferramentas. Posto isto, o objetivo principal deste trabalho é responder à questão de investigação: De que forma a Inteligência Artificial tem transformado os processos de Recrutamento e Seleção dentro da área dos Recursos Humanos?
- Sustainable finance : the ESG textual content of annual reports and greenwashingPublication . Matos, Ana Catarina Luís; Alves, Paulo Alexandre PimentaThis dissertation investigates the relationship between environmental, social and governance (ESG) textual disclosure and firms’ ESG ratings, aiming to identify potential patterns indicative of greenwashing. We analyse constructed metrics (CITAR) based on the text contained in the management report sample of firms traded on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) between 2013 and 2023. These metrics capture the frequency of the use of ESG-related worlds. The study seeks to determine whether ESG disclosure is in fact associated with higher ESG performance. Using fixed-effects linear regression models with year and industry controls, we evaluate the impact of each ESG pillar individually and jointly on both pillar-specific ratings and overall ESG rating. The results present positive and statistically significant associations between environmental and social intensity disclosures and ESG performance – inferred through the use of ESG ratings provided by the Refinitiv database – while exhibiting insignificant effects on governance scores and a negative relationship on overall ESG scores when analysing governance intensity disclosure, suggesting potential greenwashing. The findings provide insights into the credibility of ESG disclosures, and this research contributes to the literature by combining textual analysis with ESG ratings to assess reliability of corporate ESG reporting, offering useful insights to stakeholders, regulators and policymakers.