Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2024-05-14"
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- The duty to protect our ocean heritage from bottom trawlingPublication . Ermida, Maria PenaThis chapter seeks to provide an overview of the legal framework surrounding the protection of UCH as a part of the Marine Environment within the context of law of the Sea, focusing particularly on the rules regarding bottom trawling.
- The impact of pre-, pro- and synbiotics supplementation in colorectal cancer treatment: a systematic reviewPublication . Moreira, Mariana Melo; Carriço, Marta; Capelas, Manuel Luís; Pimenta, Nuno; Santos, Teresa; Ganhao-Arranhado, Susana; Mäkitie, Antti; Ravasco, PaulaIntroduction: The effectiveness of the supplementation of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics as a therapeutic approach in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review is to critically examine the current scientific evidence on the impact of modulating the microbiota, through the use of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics, in patients diagnosed with CRC undergoing treatment, to determine the potential therapeutic use of this approach. Methods: This systematic review was made according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing the impact of pre-, pro-, or synbiotic supplementation with placebo or standard care in patients with CRC undergoing treatment. Exclusion criteria were nonhuman studies, non-RCTs, and studies in languages other than English or Portuguese. Six databases were consulted, namely, Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Scopus, Cinahl, MedicLatina and Web of Science until May of 2023. RAYYAN software was used to manage the search results and risk of bias was assessed according to the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration using the Rob 2.0 tool. Results: Twenty-four RCTs met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Administration of pre-, pro-, or synbiotics improved surgical outcomes such as the incidence of infectious and non-infectious postoperative complications, return to normal gut function, hospital length of stay, and antibiotic usage. The supplementation of these microorganisms also alleviated some symptoms from chemotherapy and radiotherapy, mainly diarrhea. Evidence on the best approach in terms of types of strains, dosage and duration of intervention is still scarce. Conclusions: Pre-, pro-, and synbiotics supplementation appears to be a beneficial therapeutic approach in CRC treatment to improve surgical outcomes and to alleviate side-effects such as treatment toxicity. More RCTs with larger sample sizes and less heterogeneity are needed to confirm these potential benefits and to determine the best strains, dosage, and duration of administration in each situation.
- O cuidado à pessoa em situação crítica : o debriefing como estratégiaPublication . Oliveira, Marta Sofia da Silva; Mendes, Maria Manuela Madureira LebreThis report comes as part of the Master's Degree in Nursing, in the area of Specialization in Medical-Surgical Nursing: Person in Critical Condition, by the Institute of Health Sciences of the Catholic University of Portugal, with the purpose of mirroring, by critically and reflectively analysing the path taken, the acquisition and development of scientific, technical, ethical and relational skills in specialized care for people in critical condition. The phenomenon of debriefing will be explored – as a clinical reflection on action, translating an opportunity for growth and development for the multidisciplinary team that takes care of the person in critical condition and, consequently, translating into a better outcome for the person cared for – whose study was directed to its effects, culminating in the construction of a scoping review on the theme "The effects of care-focused debriefing: on the multidisciplinary team and on the person in critical condition – the Scoping Review". Based on the theoretical pillars of Afaf Meleis and Patricia Benner, we will embark on a journey from the skills acquired in my career as a nurse to the skills acquired and deepened in the course of the Final Internship in an emergency and intensive care context. Through the description of the experiences lived in the internship, reflections on themes that I considered pertinent emerged: from the experience of pain in the person in the emergency department, to leadership and the importance of debriefing in complex care situations/ resuscitation, to the person under renal function replacement technique. The importance of caring for the family of the person in a critical condition it will also be explored through reflection in a defined appendix. Evidence-based practice will shine through, and will emerge in communion with, the description of the development of common and specific aspects of the nurse specialist in Medical-Surgical Nursing in the Nursing Area for the Person in Critical Condition, along with master’s competences.