Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2024-03-26"
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- Prevalence, incidence, and sociodemographic and clinical characterization of individuals with an intestinal or urinary stoma in PortugalPublication . Dias, Ana Sofia Lopes; Soares-Pinto, Igor Emanuel; Queirós, Sílvia Maria Moreira; Pereira, Rúben Duarte; Mendes, Zilda; Romano, SóniaBackground: Data characterizing individuals with a stoma in Portugal is limited. Establishing epi-demiological estimates can enhance understanding of this population and facilitate the adaptation of healthcare models. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and incidence of individuals in Portugal who have undergone intestinal or urinary ostomy in 2021. Methodology: Observational, longitudinal, and retrospective study using a stoma appliance dispensing database. Results: In 2021, an estimated 22,045 individuals had at least one stoma, with 19,793 [95%CI:19,599;19,994] having an intestinal/urinary stoma. Most of these individuals were men (61.4%) with a mean age of 70.5 years and resided in the inland region of Portugal. Colostomy was the most prevalent type of intestinal/urinary stoma (48.8%). The estimated incidence of new cases was 6,622, of which 5,834 [95%CI:5,680;5,984] were intestinal/urinary stomas. Conclusion: These results characterize the profile of individuals with intestinal and urinary stomas in Portugal. They may be useful in adjusting prevention and health monitoring programs for this population and allocating specialized resources.
- The impact of drought on firms' borrowing costsPublication . Tavares, Paulo Guimarães Peixoto da Silva; Marques, Bernardo de Vasconcelos e Sousa PaulaThis thesis has two main goals: (i) to study the debt exposure of Portuguese firms to drought risk, and (ii) to measure the impact of drought risk on the cost of debt. This topic has deserved the attention of academia, regulators, and supervisors of the financial sector, particularly in southern Europe countries, where drought risk is considered one of the main physical risks. This thesis attempts to contribute to a small body of literature that, so far, has focused exclusively on U.S. firms. To do so, we apply a set of firm-level panel regressions to a sample of 12,512 firms operating in water-intensive industries located in Portugal, between 2007 and 2019. To proxy for drought risk, we use the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Our results suggest that approximately 4.1 billion euros of debt was exposed to drought annually in the years of more intense drought, particularly in the agriculture and forestry industries. Additionally, we find that PDSI (inverse drought risk) has a negative and statistically significant impact on the cost of debt, which is driven by micro firms and firms operating in the agricultural industry. Interestingly, we find that the effect of drought risk on cost of debt is particularly strong for fragile firms (i.e., operating in the lowest quartile of profitability and solvency). Our results are robust to changes in the sample related to the period of analysis, firm location, and dependent variable.
- Challenges integrating sustainability in Portuguese house construction : a path to sustainable development goals : an exploratory approachPublication . Alonso, Luís Correia; Coelho, Sandra Cristina LimaIn a rapidly evolving world, discussions about sustainability have become more common. Nevertheless, in the housing construction sector, the frequent and casual use of the term "sustainable" may have inadvertently diluted its profound meaning. Thus, the question that gives rise to this investigation is: How do companies in the residential construction sector, which label themselves as adherents to “green” and “sustainable” practices, effectively meet these requirements? Therefore, the objective of this work is to identify gaps and difficulties present on the housing construction sector, aiming to implement measures that effectively promote sustainability, aligning with the currently established Sustainable Development Goals. The flourishing construction industry and the widespread endorsement of terms such as “green” and “sustainable” have sparked a compelling investigation into the distinction between companies that lay claim to these labels and those that do not. This research originates an exploration of the confluence of the construction sector with sustainability, drawing insights from established literature and engaging in exploratory interviews with key industry stakeholders, including administrators, engineers, and architects. These exploratory interviews, allowing the interviewee to lead the interview, provided by an unbiased perspective on housing construction processes and offer guidance for a more sustainable future. Thus, it became possible to identify several problems that arise throughout the entire construction process, which can be summarized into four groups: Financial and Economic Challenges; Political and Regulatory Challenges; Operational and Planning Challenges; Knowledge and Awareness Challenges.
- Impacto organizacional das perceções de justiça distributiva em relação aos sistemas de recompensas : uma meta-análise qualitativaPublication . Simões, Francisca Ferraz; Martins, Carla Sofia Carvalho; Guimarães, Maria Isabel Gonçalves Guedes de CastroO presente trabalho pretende estudar quais as consequências que os sistemas de recompensas provocam na perceção de justiça de distributiva dos colaboradores. A relevância deste tema debate-se com o enorme peso que as recompensas têm no mercado de trabalho, sendo que este se encontra cada vez mais competitivo. O método utilizado neste trabalho foi a meta-análise qualitativa, dada a vasta existência de literatura alusiva ao tema em análise. Através da questão de investigação: “De que forma é que as perceções de justiça distributiva em relação aos sistemas de recompensas impactam o trabalho e as organizações?” foi definido um conjunto de palavras-chave e foi realizada uma pesquisa de artigos científicos, publicados entre 2019 e 2023, nas bases de dados “EBSCO” e “Web of Science”. Foram identificados 19 artigos, conforme critérios previamente definidos. Descobriu-se que a perceção de justiça distributiva relativa aos sistemas de recompensas, apresenta não só consequências positivas, destacando-se, entre outras, o compromisso organizacional, como também consequências negativas, nomeadamente os comportamentos de trabalho contraproducentes.
- GC-FID as a complementary tool to understand fatty acids’ role in cellular antioxidant activity: a pathway towards understanding iROS production in cells exposed to essential oils for cosmeceutical applicationsPublication . Costa, Eduardo M.; Machado, Manuela; Silva, SaraIn the cosmeceutical industry, the development of various products relies heavily upon essential oils due to two crucial reasons: first the eco-sustainability drive that demands the application of natural products in all formulations and secondly their intrinsic aromatic characteristics and the beneficial biological properties normally apported to these compounds. However, they aren’t without drawbacks as they can induce various adverse reactions when in contact with the skin, namely dermal reactions and contact dermatitis, with most of these problems being associated with the essential oils’ oxidation. With that in mind, most compounds are tested for their Cellular Antioxidant Capacity (CAA) to ascertain if they are involved in the formation of intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (iROS) in the cytoplasmatic environment of skin related cells. However, while the data generated from this assay may be crucial for the cosmeceutical industry, it lacks a basal understanding of the mechanism behind the result observed.
- Hipertensão arterial e a perceção de saúde : transmissão de significados na famíliaPublication . Barbosa, Melanie Cindy Martins; Peixoto, Ricardo Jorge de Oliveira PintoA presente investigação teve como objetivo investigar como os pais transmitem informações sobre saúde para os seus filhos, com a intenção de identificar e comparar a transmissão de perceções de saúde entre famílias com casos de hipertensão arterial e famílias onde a doença não está presente. Para analisar os dados, foi utilizado Actor- Partner Interdependence Model , que permitiu examinar o efeito da interdependência entre as partes da relação. A amostra da pesquisa constituiu 41 díades, composta pela mãe, pai e filho. Quanto aos resultados destacam-se: a prevalência da transmissão da perceção da saúde varia consoante o género dos progenitores, onde se constatou que existe uma maior prevalência de transmissão de Mãe para Filho.
- O impacto da pandemia covid-19 nos honorários de auditoriaPublication . Madureira, Filipa Teles da Silva; Fonseca, Maria José Martins Lourenço da; Ribeiro, Ricardo Miguel Martins da CostaAquando da propagação da doença por coronavírus (Covid-19) na Europa, o mundo empresarial mudou, tendo também a auditoria sofrido transformações, em virtude do estado de emergência e do distanciamento social. Baseada nesse cenário, e dado o interesse do tema para o mundo empresarial, até para servir de mote e exemplo para futuros imprevistos, a presente investigação versa em torno destes dois tópicos: a Covid-19 e a Auditoria. Neste sentido, o objetivo central desta dissertação é analisar o impacto da Covid-19, enquanto evento externo, nas auditorias realizadas em empresas portuguesas, nomeadamente ao nível dos honorários auferidos pelos auditores. Para o prosseguir, definiu-se como questão de investigação norteadora do estudo a seguinte: Qual o efeito da Covid-19 nos honorários de auditoria das empresas do PSI-Geral? A amostra desta investigação é constituída por 31 empresas portuguesas cotadas na Euronext Lisbon que integravam o PSI-Geral entre 2017 e 2021, inclusive. Em termos metodológicos, a recolha dos dados foi, maioritariamente, realizada na base de dados Refinitiv Eikon, tendo ainda algumas variáveis sido recolhidas manualmente, a partir dos relatórios financeiros das empresas. Para estudar a relação entre as variáveis, foi estimado o modelo utilizado por Al-Qadasi et al. (2022), que explorou a possibilidade e a forma como a Covid-19 afetara os honorários de auditoria. Uma vez concluída a análise, parece que a Covid-19 não teve impacto estatisticamente significativo sobre os honorários de auditoria nas empresas analisadas.