Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2022-10"
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- Técnica de polimento mecanizado na rugosidade de superfície de resinas acrílicasPublication . Quezada, Margarida; Salgado, Helena; Correia, André; Fonseca, PatríciaObjetivos: A presente investigação tem como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade de utilização de uma técnica de polimento mecanizado na rugosidade de superfície de resinas acrílicas para bases protéticas. Materiais e métodos: Um total de trinta provetes foram confecionados (seis de cada tipo de resina): autopolimerizável (Probase® Cold, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), termopolimerizável (Probase® Hot, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), termoplástica (iFlex, TCS®, USA), CAD/CAM de impressão 3D (V -Print dentabase, VOCO GmbH, Alemanha) e CAD/CAM de fresagem (CediTEC DB, VOCO GmbH, Alemanha). O grupo de estudo foi polido através do protocolo JOTA® Kit 1877 DENTUR POLISH (Jota AG, Rüthi, Suíça) com recurso a uma técnica mecanizada de polimento utilizando um gabarito para movimento controlado e condicionado, exclusivamente desenvolvido para este trabalho experimental. Quando aplicado o mesmo protocolo de polimento, este protótipo pressupõe a eliminação das variáveis relacionadas com o operador, de modo a que a rugosidade de superfície dependa exclusivamente das características intrínsecas da resina acrílica. O grupo de controlo não sofreu polimento. Após o polimento, os provetes foram emersos em água destilada durante 24h à temperatura de 37.ºC. A avaliação da rugosidade média (Ra) foi realizada com recurso a um perfilómetro de contacto. A significância estatística foi considerada para um valor de p<0,05. Resulta‑ dos: Os valores de rugosidade nas resinas de impressão 3D (p=0,004), termopolimerizável (p=0,003) e autopolimerizável (p=0,003) foram significativamente inferiores aos valores de rugosidade das respetivas resinas controlo. A análise bivariada de variância (ANOVA) revelou diferenças significativas na distribuição dos valores de rugosidade entre os grupos de resinas submetidas a polimento mecanizado (F=3,323; p=0,031). Verificaram -se apenas diferenças significativas face aos valorev port estomatol med dent cir maxilofac. 2022;63(S1):1-52 43 res de rugosidade entre os pares de resinas de impressão 3D e autopolimerizável (1,58µm±0,19 vs. 0,86µm±0,23; p=0,004) e termopolimerizável e autopolimerizável (1,58µm ±0,19 vs. 1,07µm ±0,25; p=0,004). Conclusões: Diferenças significativas entre o grupo de controlo e o grupo de estudo, assim como, entre pares de resinas permitem conferir viabilidade ao gabarito para movimento controlado e condicionado. Esta ferramenta de polimento mecanizado introduz uma nova abordagem de redução do efeito das variáveis do operador em estudos de rugosidade de superfície.
- Yearbook: mestrado da Faculdade de Direito – Escola do Porto/Universidade Católica PortuguesaPublication . Carvalho, Raquel; Botelho, Catarina SantosCom o intuito de dar visibilidade ao resultado da investigação, a Escola do Porto da Faculdade de Direito decidiu publicar as dissertações de mestrado que obtiveram as mais elevadas classificações. É nossa convicção que esta iniciativa contribui para uma profícua partilha de conhecimento e que permite a abertura de uma via dialogante com a comunidade jurídica e a sociedade civil. O presente número integra vinte e sete dissertações, apresentadas por ordem alfabética de autor e que abarcam áreas tão diversas como o Direito Criminal, o Direito Internacional e Europeu, o Direito da Empresa e dos Negócios, o Direito do Trabalho, o Direito Fiscal, e o Direito Privado.
- Dark tourists: profile, practices, motivations and wellbeingPublication . Magano, José; Fraiz-Brea, José A.; Leite, ÂngelaThis work aims to address whether knowing what dark tourism is (or not) impacts rumination on sadness, self-hatred, hostility, psychological vulnerability, and tourist wellbeing, as well as practices and motivations for dark tourism. A quantitative approach, based on a survey of 993 respondents, reveals that women and more educated participants know more about dark tourism; people who know what dark tourism is have visited more Holocaust museums, sites of human tragedy and natural disasters, concentration camps, and prisons; show more curiosity, need to learn and understand, and need to see morbid things. A model was found showing that gender, age, know/do not know dark tourism, and motivations (curiosity, the need to learn, the need to understand, and pleasure) explained 38.1% of a dark tourism practice index. Most findings also indicate that rumination on sadness, self-hatred, hostility, and psychological vulnerability are associated with darker practices. Greater wellbeing was not found in participants who knew in advance what dark tourism was. Interestingly, participants who visit tragic human sites present higher values in hostility and tourist wellbeing than those who do not. In summary, people who visit more dark places and score higher on negative personality characteristics have higher values of tourist wellbeing.
- An exploratory study about the characterization of caffeine consumption in a Portuguese samplePublication . Batista, Patrícia; Peixoto, João; Oliveira-Silva, PatríciaCaffeine is one of the most used psychoactive substances worldwide, with an impact in multiple spheres (individual, social, and economic). In addition, there is evidence of the physiological, cognitive, and emotional effects after consumption. This study aimed to examine caffeine consumption in a Portuguese sample by characterizing and understanding the pattern of consumption and the reasons for it. The sample was composed of 208 subjects recruited through the university’s social media channels to answer an online questionnaire between April and June 2020. The results showed a higher consumption in males and the group of subjects aged between 31 and 35 years. The coffee “express” is the most consumed source of caffeine in this Portuguese sample (70.2%). The data showed that improvement in alertness and the taste of products with caffeine were the main reasons for consuming caffeinated products. In conclusion, this study calls attention to the characterization of caffeine consumption to understand the need for such consumption and its effects on body functions and health. It is important to highlight the potential benefit of caffeine consumption due to its impact on the quality of life and health since this substance has effects not only on physical and mental health but also on social well-being.
- Proteção de denunciantes no setor público e combate à corrupção – em particular na contratação públicaPublication . Carvalho, RaquelO combate à corrupção impõe-se como medida de proteção do Estado de Direito e da Democracia. Existem diversos níveis normativos e para normativos que se têm dedicado a estudar o fenómeno da corrupção, seus indícios e mecanismos de combate. Neste texto, abordamos a temática no contexto da contratação pública e de como os dados já disponíveis podem ser úteis na utilização de um mecanismo de combate à corrupção: a denúncia e a proteção dos denunciantes.
- Antioxidant activity of alginate edible films containing plant extractsPublication . Lopes, Ana Isabel; Silva, Sara; Barros, Lillian; Caleja, Cristina; Pereira, Eliana; Tavaria, Freni K.; Pintado, ManuelaNowadays, food packaging has been the target of increasing attention. Traditional food packaging is usually made of plastic and accounts for 36.9% of the plastics’ demand, being considered the largest market for plastic industry. Additionally, plastics are mostly produced with polymers from non-renewable sources and so, they contribute to environmental pollution. A way to circumvent this problem is the development of edible films. Edible films can act as complements to traditional plastics because their functional properties are able to extend food’s shelf-life1.Plant extracts are obtained by plants and possess antioxidant activity because of their high concentrations of phenolic compounds. They can be effective at low concentrations, are cost-effective and easy to apply, presenting low toxicity levels and high stability during processing and may not affect the sensory characteristics of food products2.The addition of plant extracts to edible films confers them the ability to act as food preservatives because they present antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of food poisoning microorganisms and antioxidant properties that helps to avoid the deterioration of fats and other food constituents 3. So, the main objective of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of alginate edible films containing extracts of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.) and sage (Salvia officinalis L.). The 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) scavenging tests were performed on the films and the results show that the films incorporated with plant extracts present antioxidant activity when compared to the control (alginate film without plant extract).The film incorporated with sage extract was the one that presented the best antioxidant activity by both ABTS (4024,169 Trolox equivalents (M)/mg film) and DPPH (3954,813 Trolox equivalents (M)/mg film), followed by the film with eucalyptus extract (ABTS: 3706,291 Trolox equivalents (M)/mg film; DPPH: 3706,291 Trolox equivalents (M)/mg film). On the other hand, the film incorporated with licorice extract (ABTS: 942,5195 Trolox equivalents (M)/mg film; DPPH: 1040,669 Trolox equivalents (M)/mg film) was the one with least antioxidant activity.
- CapacitAmente: Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and service learningPublication . Silva, C. Vieira da; Rodrigues, A.This summary aims to describe a practical experience of interdisciplinary Service Learning (SLE) developed within the undergraduate degrees of Social Work and Psychology, at the Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Catholic University of Portugal. According to the Portuguese labour code, employees are entitled to a minimum of 40 hours of training provided by the employer each year. It is in this context that the CapacitAmente project emerged. The main goal was to provide 10 hours of continuous training to employees working in aging, in the fields of psychology (namely in the theme of Work, Quality and Life) and social work (Sustainable Development Goals). 100 employees from three social solidarity institutions benefited from this project. A significant part of the advanced continuous training had the SDGs as a theme once it is a programmatic content of the Social Economy Curricular Unit. Thus, aiming to contribute to the knowledge of the 17 SDGs and their five pillars (people, planet, partnerships, prosperity, and peace), different activities were carried out, supported by the close contact that was possible to establish with the United Nations University (UNU-EGOV). Therefore, and thanks to this partnership, the webinar "The UN and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" was organized, aiming to promote in the participants (academia and community) the knowledge of the work of the UN and its member states, the 2030 Agenda, as well as the role of youth in the implementation of this Agenda. The brochures "Guide on Sustainable Development: 17 goals to transform our world" were also provided to all students, teachers, and employees of the partner institutions. Regarding the continuous training plan, another project initiative presented, in the first instance, in a remote and asynchronous training model, was watching the "David Attenborough: A Life on Our Planet" 2020 documentary with the aim of raising awareness of the importance of thinking and acting in search of sustainable environments. This activity was combined with a reflection sheet that aimed to connect the video and the reality of each person's context, trying to understand, on one hand, the best environmental practices carried on in the institutions where they work and which others could be implemented. Also, trying to understand the employee’s knowledge about the SDGs. Additionally, regarding the training sessions, another remote and synchronous session was held, focusing on the knowledge of the SDGs and their integrated and holistic relationship. The employees of the institutions were challenged to propose initiatives in the institutions later on, aligned with the theme of sustainability. The training session was concluded by addressing quality of life at work. This interdisciplinary SLE experience provided not only continuous training on issues anchored in the 2030 Agenda to the employees of social institutions, but also an opportunity for students to acquire more knowledge and awareness on this important topic. It is thus considered that this interdisciplinary approach may be a contribution to future educational and community initiatives based on sustainable models.
- Temporal order of clinical and biomarker changes in familial frontotemporal dementiaPublication . Frontotemporal Dementia Prevention Initiative (FPI) Investigators; ALLFTD Investigators; GENFI investigators; Staffaroni, Adam M.; Quintana, Melanie; Wendelberger, Barbara; Heuer, Hilary W.; Russell, Lucy L.; Cobigo, Yann; Wolf, Amy; Goh, Sheng Yang Matt; Petrucelli, Leonard; Gendron, Tania F.; Heller, Carolin; Clark, Annie L.; Taylor, Jack Carson; Wise, Amy; Ong, Elise; Forsberg, Leah; Brushaber, Danielle; Rojas, Julio C.; VandeVrede, Lawren; Ljubenkov, Peter; Kramer, Joel; Casaletto, Kaitlin B.; Appleby, Brian; Bordelon, Yvette; Botha, Hugo; Dickerson, Bradford C.; Domoto-Reilly, Kimiko; Fields, Julie A.; Foroud, Tatiana; Gavrilova, Ralitza; Geschwind, Daniel; Ghoshal, Nupur; Goldman, Jill; Graff-Radford, Jonathon; Graff-Radford, Neill; Grossman, Murray; Hall, Matthew G.H.; Hsiung, Ging Yuek; Huey, Edward D.; Irwin, David; Jones, David T.; Kantarci, Kejal; Kaufer, Daniel; Knopman, David; Kremers, Walter; Lago, Argentina Lario; Lapid, Maria I.; Maruta, Carolina; Simões do Couto, Frederico; Almeida, Maria RosarioUnlike familial Alzheimer’s disease, we have been unable to accurately predict symptom onset in presymptomatic familial frontotemporal dementia (f-FTD) mutation carriers, which is a major hurdle to designing disease prevention trials. We developed multimodal models for f-FTD disease progression and estimated clinical trial sample sizes in C9orf72, GRN and MAPT mutation carriers. Models included longitudinal clinical and neuropsychological scores, regional brain volumes and plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) in 796 carriers and 412 noncarrier controls. We found that the temporal ordering of clinical and biomarker progression differed by genotype. In prevention-trial simulations using model-based patient selection, atrophy and NfL were the best endpoints, whereas clinical measures were potential endpoints in early symptomatic trials. f-FTD prevention trials are feasible but will likely require global recruitment efforts. These disease progression models will facilitate the planning of f-FTD clinical trials, including the selection of optimal endpoints and enrollment criteria to maximize power to detect treatment effects.
- Cars for girls and dolls for boys: overview about gender differences in the relationship between children and the digital mediaPublication . Campos, IoliGender conceptualisation is an essential component of forming one’s identity from an early age, and mass media play an important role in developing the constructs one has about gender. For that reason, researchers have been studying the construction of media messages focusing on gender representation for some time. Other researchers have been looking into gender differences concerning children’s access and use of the media. This paper contributes to rethinking impact by presenting a critical overview of empirical studies about young audiences and the media, with a lens on gender issues. It organises differences and commonalities found by researchers in the following categories: media access, media use and exposure, media socialisation, parental mediations, and media literacies. The literature shows that despite some policies favouring universal Internet diffusion having helped reduce gaps in children’s access to the media, gender differences in children’s media use persist (McQuillan & Neill, 2009). Both boys and girls use all platforms (Lemish, Alony, & Studies, 2014), but they use them differently (McQuillan & Neill, 2009). In particular, boys and girls use social media differently (McQuillan & Neill, 2009). They also prefer different news topics, although they are equally interested in the news (Lemish et al., 2014). Children of different gender also have varying experiences of civic and political participation (Brites, 2018). When it comes to media concerns, while boys and girls are equally concerned about pornographic content, they reveal some differences in their concerns about issues like violence, contact and conduct (Livingstone, Kirwil, Ponte, & Staksrud, 2014). Gender gaps were also found in studies focusing on parental media mediation and parental role-modelling concerning media habits (Nabi & Krcmar, 2016; Talves & Kalmus, 2015). However, unlike some stereotyped ideas that males are more skilled in technology, the research shows that there are no significant gender differences in motoric media skills (Nikken, 2017) nor in news media literacy (Craft, Maksl, & Ashley, 2013; Kleemans & Eggink, 2016; Maksl, Ashley, & Craft, 2015). Nevertheless, results regarding ICT skills are still inconclusive (McQuillan & Neill, 2009). Based on this literature analysis, the paper also contributes to the scholarly debate by discussing the literature gaps and suggesting future research lines in the field.
- Gut as an alternative entry route for SARS-CoV-2: current evidence and uncertainties of productive enteric infection in COVID-19Publication . Clerbaux, Laure Alix; Mayasich, Sally A.; Munoz Pineiro, Amalia; Soares, Helena; Petrillo, Mauro; Albertini, Maria Cristina; Lanthier, Nicolas; Grenga, Lucia; Amorim, Maria JoãoThe gut has been proposed as a potential alternative entry route for SARS-CoV-2. This was mainly based on the high levels of SARS-CoV-2 receptor expressed in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, the observations of GI disorders (such as diarrhea) in some COVID-19 patients and the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in feces. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. It has been proposed that SARS-CoV-2 can productively infect enterocytes, damaging the intestinal barrier and contributing to inflammatory response, which might lead to GI manifestations, including diarrhea. Here, we report a methodological approach to assess the evidence supporting the sequence of events driving SARS-CoV-2 enteric infection up to gut adverse outcomes. Exploring evidence permits to highlight knowledge gaps and current inconsistencies in the literature and to guide further research. Based on the current insights on SARS-CoV-2 intestinal infection and transmission, we then discuss the potential implication on clinical practice, including on long COVID. A better understanding of the GI implication in COVID-19 is still needed to improve disease management and could help identify innovative therapies or preventive actions targeting the GI tract.