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- Measuring inequality of opportunity across EU-SILC countries: national and urban-rural perspectivesPublication . Mogila, Zbigniew; Melo, Patricia C.; Gaspar, José M.Inequality in individuals’ outcomes resulting from unequal access to opportunities due to differences in individual circumstances, such as family background and/or race, are generally considered to be unfair and ethically unacceptable. Since wealthier individuals and their families tend to live in more affluent areas and mingle with similar more affluent peers, the territorial distribution of inequality of opportunity may partially be viewed as a measure of the extent of spatial (in)justice. One of the ways governments can use to mitigate inequality of opportunity is to improve access to socially valued resources, e.g. education, health. If the spatial distribution of these resources is not equitable, or prevents equitable access to them, persistent or even growing differences in inequality of opportunity may arise. Improving the spatial distribution of socially valued resources can help individuals enhance their socioeconomic prospects, while also increasing the full utilization of territorial capital and, consequently, contribute to greater socioeconomic cohesion. This paper measures the extent of inequality of opportunity at the national level and by degree of urbanization for the countries covered in the survey European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC). Emphasis on the degree of urbanization allows exploring whether large(r) cities can act as social elevators compared to smaller urban and rural areas. Using the EU-SILC data, we implement regression models to measure the percentage of the variation in individual’s labour income that is due to family background, namely, the education, occupation and activity status of parents, and household financial situation.Our results indicate substantial variation in inequality of opportunity ranging from 4% (Iceland) to 25% (Luxemburg). In addition, the distinction between more liberal economies and the rest of the countries is seen with the former more income unequal, however, with the smaller impact of family-related factors on individual’s income. Moreover, the findings suggest that cities, especially larger ones, do not seem to work as social elevators and may in fact benefit individuals with a better family background.
- Guia de boas práticas de ensino online em contexto de emergência para alunos surdos durante a pandemia da doença COVID-19Publication . Lagarto, José Reis; Mineiro, Ana; Carvalho, Paulo Vaz de; Moita, Mara; Carmo, Helena; Rato, Joana Rodrigues
- A arte do estuque em Portugal: contributos para um dicionário técnicoPublication . Pina, Joana; Vieira, Eduarda; Silva, ArlindoA arte do estuque surgiu em Portugal no século XVII, importada de Itália, pelos nossos artistas. No século XVIII é novamente reavivada através do contacto dos estucadores nacionais com artífices italianos que vieram trabalhar para o nosso país. Analisando o que se passa nos outros países do Sul da Europa, Espanha e Itália, e também em França e Inglaterra, constata-se que o léxico é muito rico e variado (Vieira, 2008). Numa época em que existe um interesse renovado em torno das várias áreas científicas relacionadas com o tema em estudo, acreditamos que para além da importância que este dicionário possa ter para os investigadores e para os profissionais desta área, que o mesmo possa suscitar a curiosidade de outros tipos de público, sobretudo os proprietários de imóveis com estuques históricos no sentido de os valorizarem e preservarem.
- O "Espião" de Castelo BrancoPublication . Rosa, Gonçalo Pereira
- Exploring the relation between income mobility and inequality at the regional level using EU-SILC microdataPublication . Mogila, Zbigniew; Melo, Patricia C.; Gaspar, José M.This paper investigates empirically the impact of labour-related income inequality on income mobility in French and Spanish NUTS2 regions. We explore whether the negative relation between income inequality and mobility -known as the Great Gatsby Curve -is also present in the short and medium run. Using longitudinal microdata from the EU-SILC, we construct NUTS2-level measures of relative income mobility from transition matrices between income deciles for 2-year and 4-year income trajectories and measures of income inequality based on the Gini index and inter-decile ratios. We then combine these measures with other regional-level factorsand implement regression models to test the relation between income inequality and income mobility.The regional perspective allows us to investigate the extent to which territorial heterogeneity may also affect income mobility. The findings from the regression analyses do not provide evidence of a significant relationship between income mobility and income inequality, at least when considering mobility over the short-to-medium term (i.e. up to 4 years).
- Fernando Pessoa e Heraclito, do abismo e do movimentoPublication . Pereira, Américo José Pinheira
- Indirect costs of myocardial infarction in PortugalPublication . Timóteo, Ana Teresa; Gouveia, Miguel; Soares, Cristina; Ferreira, Rui CruzIntroduction: Cardiovascular disease, and particularly myocardial infarction (MI), carries a significant economic burden, through productivity losses (indirect costs) associated with temporary absence from work, that has not yet been adequately studied in Portugal. Our objective was to quantify the indirect costs of MI in the first year after admission. Methods: Consecutive patients admitted to a single center aged <66 years who survived to discharge during a one-year period were included. Employment status on admission was assessed and for every employed patient, their monthly wage was estimated from market wage rates taken from the Ministry of Labor database according to gender and age. The duration of temporary absence from work was assessed in follow-up contacts for up to one year. Indirect costs were calculated in this sample and the results were applied to the number of MIs in Portugal during 2016 and separately to ST-elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. Results: A total of 219 patients were included, of whom 66.2% were working. The mean monthly labor cost was 1802 euros. A total cost of 760 521.55 euros was obtained. At national level there were 4133 patients aged <66 years admitted with acute MI who survived to discharge. Costs were higher in STEMI patients and the total indirect cost was estimated at 10.12 million euros. Conclusions: In Portugal, the costs to society of disability-generated productivity losses exceed ten million euros in the first year after MI. Strategies to promote an earlier return to work are needed to lower these costs.
- Correspondências: Mons. José de Castro, António de Oliveira Salazar e Marcelo CaetanoPublication . Pereira, Henrique Manuel; Vale, Sandra
- Comparing psychopathological symptoms in Portuguese football fans and non-fansPublication . Leite, Ângela; Ramires, Ana; Costa, Rui; Castro, Filipa; Sousa, Hélder Fernando Pedrosa e; Vidal, Diogo Guedes; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaThe present study aims to characterize football fans and non-fans and to compare their psychopathological symptoms with the latest normative values for the Portuguese population from Canavarro in 2007. Results showed that football fans and non-fans are mostly male, have an affective relationship, are childless, have secondary education or a high degree, and are employed or students; fans are more likely to be male, dating, unemployed, to have elementary education and be younger than non-fans. Football fans present significantly higher psychopathological symptoms than non-fans in somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, paranoid ideation and psychoticism and all psychopathological indexes. Football fans present values very close to those of populations with emotional distress in hostility and are above the mean of the general population in obsession–compulsion, hostility, paranoid ideation and psychoticism.
- PortugalPublication . Quadros, Inês; Andrade, Pedro Guerra e