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- Data from the Human Penguin Project, a cross-national dataset testing social thermoregulation principlesPublication . Hu, Chuan Peng; Yin, Ji Xing; Lindenberg, Siegwart; Dalğar, İlker; Weissgerber, Sophia C.; Vergara, Rodrigo C.; Cairo, Athena H.; Čolić, Marija V.; Dursun, Pinar; Frankowska, Natalia; Hadi, Rhonda; Hall, Calvin J.; Hong, Youngki; Joy-Gaba, Jennifer; Lazarević, Dušanka; Lazarević, Ljiljana B.; Parzuchowski, Michal; Ratner, Kyle G.; Rothman, David; Sim, Samantha; Simão, Cláudia; Song, Mengdi; Stojilović, Darko; Blomster, Johanna K.; Brito, Rodrigo; Hennecke, Marie; Jaume-Guazzini, Francisco; Schubert, Thomas W.; Schütz, Astrid; Seibt, Beate; Zickfeld, Janis H.; IJzerman, HansIn the Human Penguin Project (N = 1755), 15 research groups from 12 countries collected body temperature, demographic variables, social network indices, seven widely-used psychological scales and two newly developed questionnaires (the Social Thermoregulation and Risk Avoidance Questionnaire (STRAQ-1) and the Kama Muta Frequency Scale (KAMF)). They were collected to investigate the relationship between environmental factors (e.g., geographical, climate etc.) and human behaviors, which is a long-standing inquiry in the scientific community. More specifically, the present project was designed to test principles surrounding the idea of social thermoregulation, which posits that social networks help people to regulate their core body temperature. The results showed that all scales in the current project have sufficient to good psychometrical properties. Unlike previous crowdsourced projects, this dataset includes not only the cleaned raw data but also all the validation of questionnaires in 9 different languages, thus providing a valuable resource for psychological scientists who are interested in cross-national, environment-human interaction studies.
- A multi-omics analysis of the grapevine pathogen Lasiodiplodia theobromae reveals that temperature affects the expression of virulence- and pathogenicity-related genesPublication . Félix, Carina; Meneses, Rodrigo; Gonçalves, Micael F. M.; Tilleman, Laurentijn; Duarte, Ana S.; Jorrín-Novo, Jesus V.; Peer, Yves Van de; Deforce, Dieter; Nieuwerburgh, Filip Van; Esteves, Ana C.; Alves, ArturLasiodiplodia theobromae (Botryosphaeriaceae, Ascomycota) is a plant pathogen and human opportunist whose pathogenicity is modulated by temperature. The molecular effects of temperature on L. theobromae are mostly unknown, so we used a multi-omics approach to understand how temperature affects the molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity. The genome of L. theobromae LA-SOL3 was sequenced (Illumina MiSeq) and annotated. Furthermore, the transcriptome (Illumina TruSeq) and proteome (Orbitrap LC-MS/MS) of LA-SOL3 grown at 25 °C and 37 °C were analysed. Proteins related to pathogenicity (plant cell wall degradation, toxin synthesis, mitogen-activated kinases pathway and proteins involved in the velvet complex) were more abundant when the fungus grew at 25 °C. At 37 °C, proteins related to pathogenicity were less abundant than at 25 °C, while proteins related to cell wall organisation were more abundant. On the other hand, virulence factors involved in human pathogenesis, such as the SSD1 virulence protein, were expressed only at 37 °C. Taken together, our results showed that this species presents a typical phytopathogenic molecular profile that is compatible with a hemibiotrophic lifestyle. We showed that L. theobromae is equipped with the pathogenesis toolbox that enables it to infect not only plants but also animals.
- Publisher Correction: Effect of Pufa Substrates on Fatty Acid Profile of Bifidobacterium breve Ncimb 702258 and CLA/CLNA Production in Commercial Semi-Skimmed Milk (Scientific Reports, (2018), 8, 1, (15591), 10.1038/s41598-018-33970-2)Publication . Fontes, Ana Luiza; Pimentel, Lígia; Rodríguez-Alcalá, Luis Miguel; Gomes, AnaThe Author Contributions section in this Article contains an error. “LR, LP and AG designed the experiments, upon hypotheses conceived by LR. A.F. conducted the experimental work under supervision of L.R., L.P. and A.G. A.F., L.R. and L.P. performed statistical analysis. L.R. and L.P. accomplished data interpretation. A.F. and L.R. wrote the manuscript. L.R. and A.G. contributed to the critical review of the manuscript responsibility for the final content of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The work is part of a financed project led by L.R.” should read: “LR, LP and AG designed the experiments, upon hypotheses conceived by LR. A.F. conducted the experimental work under supervision of L.R., L.P. and A.G. A.F., L.R. and L.P. performed statistical analysis. L.R. and L.P. accomplished data interpretation. A.F. and L.R. wrote the manuscript. L.R. and A.G. contributed to the critical review of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The work is part of a financed project led by L.R.”.
- Dual RNA sequencing of vitis vinifera during lasiodiplodia theobromae infection unveils host–pathogen interactionsPublication . Gonçalves, Micael F. M.; Nunes, Rui B.; Tilleman, Laurentijn; Peer, Yves Van De; Deforce, Dieter; Nieuwerburgh, Filip Van; Esteves, Ana C.; Alves, ArturLasiodiplodia theobromae is one of the most aggressive agents of the grapevine trunk disease Botryosphaeria dieback. Through a dual RNA-sequencing approach, this study aimed to give a broader perspective on the infection strategy deployed by L. theobromae, while understanding grapevine response. Approximately 0.05% and 90% of the reads were mapped to the genomes of L. theobromae and Vitis vinifera, respectively. Over 2500 genes were significantly differentially expressed in infected plants after 10 dpi, many of which are involved in the inducible defense mechanisms of grapevines. Gene expression analysis showed changes in the fungal metabolism of phenolic compounds, carbohydrate metabolism, transmembrane transport, and toxin synthesis. These functions are related to the pathogenicity mechanisms involved in plant cell wall degradation and fungal defense against antimicrobial substances produced by the host. Genes encoding for the degradation of plant phenylpropanoid precursors were up-regulated, suggesting that the fungus could evade the host defense response using the phenylpropanoid pathway. The up-regulation of many distinct components of the phenylpropanoid pathway in plants supports this hypothesis. Moreover, genes related to phytoalexin biosynthesis, hormone metabolism, cell wall modification enzymes, and pathogenesis-related proteins seem to be involved in the host responses observed. This study provides additional insights into the molecular mechanisms of L. theobromae and V. vinifera interactions.
- The global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer and its attributable risk factors in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017Publication . GBD 2017 Colorectal Cancer Collaborators; Fernandes, João C.Background: Data about the global, regional, and country-specific variations in the levels and trends of colorectal cancer are required to understand the impact of this disease and the trends in its burden to help policy makers allocate resources. Here we provide a status report on the incidence, mortality, and disability caused by colorectal cancer in 195 countries and territories between 1990 and 2017. Methods: Vital registration, sample vital registration, verbal autopsy, and cancer registry data were used to generate incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) estimates of colorectal cancer at the global, regional, and national levels. We also determined the association between development levels and colorectal cancer age-standardised DALY rates, and calculated DALYs attributable to risk factors that had evidence of causation with colorectal cancer. All of the estimates are reported as counts and age-standardised rates per 100 000 person-years, with some estimates also presented by sex and 5-year age groups. Findings: In 2017, there were 1·8 million (95% UI 1·8–1·9) incident cases of colorectal cancer globally, with an age-standardised incidence rate of 23·2 (22·7–23·7) per 100 000 person-years that increased by 9·5% (4·5–13·5) between 1990 and 2017. Globally, colorectal cancer accounted for 896 000 (876 300–915 700) deaths in 2017, with an age-standardised death rate of 11·5 (11·3–11·8) per 100 000 person-years, which decreased between 1990 and 2017 (−13·5% [–18·4 to −10·0]). Colorectal cancer was also responsible for 19·0 million (18·5–19·5) DALYs globally in 2017, with an age-standardised rate of 235·7 (229·7–242·0) DALYs per 100 000 person-years, which decreased between 1990 and 2017 (−14·5% [–20·4 to −10·3]). Slovakia, the Netherlands, and New Zealand had the highest age-standardised incidence rates in 2017. Greenland, Hungary, and Slovakia had the highest age-standardised death rates in 2017. Numbers of incident cases and deaths were higher among males than females up to the ages of 80–84 years, with the highest rates observed in the oldest age group (≥95 years) for both sexes in 2017. There was a non-linear association between the Socio-demographic Index and the Healthcare Access and Quality Index and age-standardised DALY rates. In 2017, the three largest contributors to DALYs at the global level, for both sexes, were diet low in calcium (20·5% [12·9–28·9]), alcohol use (15·2% [12·1–18·3]), and diet low in milk (14·3% [5·1–24·8]). Interpretation: There is substantial global variation in the burden of colorectal cancer. Although the overall colorectal cancer age-standardised death rate has been decreasing at the global level, the increasing age-standardised incidence rate in most countries poses a major public health challenge across the world. The results of this study could be useful for policy makers to carry out cost-effective interventions and to reduce exposure to modifiable risk factors, particularly in countries with high incidence or increasing burden. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
- Da presença de Schelling na estética ontológica de Mikel DufrennePublication . Morais, Carlos BizarroProblematizaremos a influência da ideia de Natureza de Schelling no pensamento estético de Dufrenne. Uma influência estruturante mas controversa, dada a sua implicação na perceção-limite que ela auspicia: de indiferenciação, em que sujeito e objeto mutuamente se aderem e se constituem, numa correlação a priori. Ora, esta prodigalidade da Natureza manifesta- -se ao propiciar a referida simbiose, e sobretudo ao tornar presente, deixando-o jorrar, um sentido bruto/selvagem, incipiente mas explícito para apontar uma direção de causalidade poiética, gerando a possibilidade de uma interpretação ontológico-metafísica. Torna-se assim tangível uma matriz instauradora, aproximável pela dimensão estético-artística da existência. Daí o seu interesse crítico.
- MicroRNA signature refine response prediction in CMLPublication . Alves, Raquel; Gonçalves, Ana Cristina; Jorge, Joana; Marques, Gilberto; Luís, Dino; Ribeiro, André B.; Freitas-Tavares, Paulo; Oliveiros, Bárbara; Almeida, António M.; Sarmento-Ribeiro, Ana BelamicroRNAs (miRs) dysregulation have emerged as a crucial step in tumorigenesis, being related with cancer development, progression and response to treatment. In chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), the resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) is responsible for treatment failure and could be linked to changes in miRs expression. This work aimed to correlate the expression levels of 3 miRs, miR-21, miR-26b and miR-451, with response to TKI treatment in CML patients. miR-451 levels at diagnosis were significantly higher in patients with optimal response after 6 and 12 months of therapy. Conversely, patients without optimal response had highest levels of miR-21. miR-21 and miR-451 appear to be good biomarkers of response, able to predict optimal TKI responders (p < 0.05). Using the combined profile of both miRs, we create a predictive model of optimal response after one year of treatment. This study highlights the role of miR-21 and miR-451 expression levels at diagnosis in predicting which patients achieve the optimal response.
- Competências emocionais para a promoção do sucesso escolar: programa de intervenção sistémica: Viseu: Edições Esgotadas, 2019. ISBN: 978-989-8911-84-1Publication . Ribeiro, CéliaThe type and quality of interpersonal relationships established are crucial for the harmonious development of children and young people as students and citizens. Considering the central objective of this book, the presentation of a program of “emotional skills development for students, parents and teachers”, we can say that it, through a systemic intervention, fulfilled the need to ensure an integrated approach, which considers the various educational actors in a perspective of empowerment, in order to change less adjusted behaviors and promote more productive interpersonal relationships. The book is organized in two chapters, the first focuses on the theoretical and empirical framework and justification for the development of the Program Develop +, presented in the second chapter.
- Predilecção pela infânciaPublication . Pratas, Maria Helena da GuerraEm 13 de Maio de 2017 foram canonizadas em Fátima duas crianças, Jacinta Marto e Francisco Marto, depositárias da Mensagem da Virgem. No entanto, não foi fácil, ao longo do processo da sua beatificação, chegar à conclusão unânime de que duas crianças podiam ser santas, alcançar a santidade pelo exercício heróico das virtudes cristãs. O exemplo destas primeiras crianças de Fátima beatificadas abriu de certo modo caminho a uma nova reconfiguração do religioso, de abertura à santidade também das crianças, nem sempre devidamente valorizadas nas diversas dinâmicas pastorais. João Paulo II, na Homilia na Beatificação de Francisco e Jacinta, a 13 de Maio de 2000 quis explicitamente fundamentar a beatificação de duas crianças que não foram mártires nas palavras de Jesus no Evangelho: "Eu Te bendigo, ó Pai, porque escondeste estas verdades aos sábios e inteligentes, e as revelaste aos pequeninos". O mesmo Papa afirmou na Audiência Geral depois da beatificação: "Assim como em Lourdes, também em Fátima a Virgem escolheu crianças, Francisco, Jacinta e Lúcia, como destinatários da sua mensagem. Elas acolheram-na de modo tão fiel, que merecem não só serem reconhecidas como testemunhas críveis das aparições, mas elas mesmas se tornam exemplo de vida evangélica. (…) com os dois pastorinhos de Fátima a Igreja proclamou Beatos dois jovenzinhos porque, embora não sejam mártires, demonstraram que viviam as virtudes cristãs em grau heróico, apesar da sua tenra idade. Heroísmo de crianças, mas verdadeiro heroísmo" (Audiência, 17-V-2000). O objectivo deste estudo foi o de estudar e aprofundar como é encarada a infância nos vários textos da Sagrada Escritura, da Tradição cristã e do Magistério recente da Igreja Católica romana, com uma metodologia claramente teológica.
- Comemoração de duzentos anos da publicação de IvanhoePublication . Pires, Maria Laura BettencourtA fim de celebrar o bicentenário da publicação de Ivanhoe (1819) iremos comprovar que a obra ficou famosa por ter concorrido para o aumento de interesse pela História e pela Idade Média. Quando ouvimos falar dos rebeldes recalcitrantes e selvagens das novelas gráficas dos nossos dias, vemos que Ivanhoe, no século XIX, já actuava como os anti-heróis modernos e foi o seu modelo e precursor. Verifica-se que a fama de Sir Walter Scott (1771-1832) se mantém desde há dois séculos e que o seu nome continua a ser conhecido em todo o mundo. Scott (1771-1832) nasceu nos Borders, estudou na Universidade de Edimburgo, viveu nos Trossachs, assim como em Stirlingshire e no Loch Katrine. Em 1811, comprou Abbotsford House, onde organizou uma colecção de antiguidades e uma biblioteca com 20.000 volumes. Além de ser um escritor de sucesso, tanto com a obra literária como com as suas actividades culturais, Scott contribuiu para o "mito" das Highlands e para o uso do kilt e dos diferentes tartans. Agora que as suas obras estão acessíveis também nos E-texts, como acontece com o projecto Gutenberg e com o Walter Scott Digital Archive da Universidade de Edimburgo, verifica-se que há um recrudescimento de interesse e fica comprovado que ele continua a ser apreciado por uma nova geração de leitores. Múltiplos estudos sobre recepção comprovam também a forma como a obra de Scott foi recebida e influenciou a produção artística. Os actuais leitores de Walter Scott, que estão familiarizados com os temas do Pós-colonialismo reconhecem-nos na voz narrativa de Scott, o que justifica que continue a haver interesse em ler, estudar e reeditar a sua obra por nela se tratarem questões como a instabilidade política e a violência, que resultam da mistura dos povos e da fluidez das fronteiras, assuntos bem actuais. Verifica-se, portanto, que obras literárias de valor, como as de Scott, continuam a ter interesse e a deverem ser lidas mesmo quando os seus autores há muito desapareceram. A prova da longevidade está patente também no facto de haver produções cinematográficas inspiradas na obra de Scott, como o filme Ivanhoe (1952), com o actor Robert Taylor e a versão de Walt Disney, de 1953, com Richard Todd, transformando assim o lendário Ivanhoe numa extravagante figura romântica da cultura popular e, em 1982, da versão de Hollywood, com Anthony Andrews e James Mason. Podemos, pois, concluir que Scott foi uma figura de culto no romanticismo europeu, que bem merece os monumentos que lhe foram dedicados e que contribuiu para a tomada de consciência de que as influências da poesia vão para além do âmbito literário e também devido ao seu modo diferente de combinar a história com a ficção