Percorrer por autor "Camanho, Ana S."
A mostrar 1 - 4 de 4
Resultados por página
Opções de ordenação
- Benchmarking clinical practice in surgery: looking beyond traditional mortality ratesPublication . Castro, Ricardo A. S.; Oliveira, Pedro N.; Portela, Maria; Camanho, Ana S.; Queiroz e Melo, JoãoThis paper proposes two new measures to assess performance of surgical practice based on observed mortality: reliability, measured as the area under the ROC curve and a living score, the sum of individual risk among surviving patients, divided by the total number of patients. A Monte Carlo simulation of surgeons' practice was used for conceptual validation and an analysis of a real-world hospital department was used for managerial validation. We modelled surgical practice as a bivariate distribution function of risk and final state. We sampled 250 distributions, varying the maximum risk each surgeon faced, the distribution of risk among dead patients, the mortality rate and the number of surgeries performed yearly. We applied the measures developed to a Portuguese cardiothoracic department. We found that the joint use of the reliability and living score measures overcomes the limitations of risk adjustedmortality rates, as it enables a different valuation of deaths, according to their risk levels. Reliability favours surgeons with casualties, predominantly, in high values of risk and penalizes surgeons with deaths in relatively low levels of risk. The living score is positively influenced by the maximum risk for which a surgeon yields surviving patients. These measures enable a deeper understanding of surgical practice and, as risk adjusted mortality rates, they rely only on mortality and risk scores data. The case study revealed that the performance of the department analysed could be improved with enhanced policies of risk management, involving the assignment of surgeries based on surgeon's reliability and living score.
- Benchmarking dos serviços dos hospitais portugueses : uma aplicação de data envelopment analysisPublication . Castro, Ricardo A. S.; Portela, Conceição Silva; Camanho, Ana S.Neste artigo, apresentamos a aplicação de um modelo de Data Envelopment Analysis aos serviços de Medicina Interna da maioria dos hospitais do Serviço Nacional de Saúde Português, numa perspetiva de eficiência. O modelo de avaliação é apresentado para a generalidade dos serviços hospitalares, tendo os inputs e outputs sido escolhidos após análise dos seus impactos nos gastos globais dos diferentes serviços. Nesta aplicação impõem-se restrições aos pesos, por forma a evitar obter serviços com pesos pouco razoáveis para as variáveis do modelo. Observa-se que as maiores poupanças são possíveis nos medicamentos e material clínico. É feita uma comparação entre serviços eficientes e ineficientes, observando-se que os meios complementares de diagnóstico e terapêutica (recursos) e as variáveis de acesso aos cuidados (elementos da produção) são determinantes na definição do melhor desempenho dos serviços de Medicina Interna analisados.
- Benchmarking of secondary schools based on students’ results in higher educationPublication . Silva, Maria C. A.; Camanho, Ana S.; Barbosa, FláviaThe performance of secondary schools is usually assessed based on students’ results on national exams at the end of secondary education. This research uses data on academic achievements by first-year univer- sity students to benchmark secondary schools on their ability to lead students to success in higher edu- cation. The analysis is conducted using data of University of Porto and Catholic University of Porto, Portu- gal, for a three-year period, corresponding to more than 10.0 0 0 students from 65 degrees, for which the school of origin is known. A number of variables representing students’ success in Higher education were constructed for each school in our sample and aggregated through a Benefit of the Doubt indicator. Re- sults suggest that the schools’ ranking based on schools’ ability to prepare students for university success is quite different from the ranking based on results on national exams. Given these findings, we propose complementing schools’ performance assessments (traditionally based on national exam results or indi- cators of value added) with indicators that account for the preparation of students for success in future challenges, which is indisputably a key objective of secondary education. We propose a composite indi- cator for the analysis of these complementary aims as well, and results show that frontier units indeed exhibit trade offs between traditional measures of performance and our new measure of performance.
- Best practices, performance advantage and trade-offs: new insights from frontier analysisPublication . Sousa, Rui; Camanho, Ana S.; Silva, Maria Conceição; da Silveira, Giovani J. C.; Arabi, BehrouzThere are still important theoretical and empirical gaps in understanding the role of best practices (BPs), such as quality management, lean and new product development, in generating firm’s performance advantage and overcoming trade-offs across distinct performance dimensions. We examine these issues through the perspective of performance frontiers, integrating in novel ways the resource-based theory with the emergent practice-based view. Hypotheses on relationships between BPs, performance advantage, and trade-offs are developed and tested with stationary and longitudinal (recall) data from a global survey of manufacturing firms. We use data envelopment analysis, which overcomes limitations of mainstream methods based on central tendency. Our findings support the view that BPs may serve as a source of enduring competitive advantage, based on their ability to lead to a heterogeneous range of dominant and difficult-to-imitate competitive positions. The study provides new insights on contemporary debates about the role of BPs in generating performance advantage and how practitioners can sustain internal support and extract benefits from them.