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Empathy development from adolescence to adulthood and its consistency across targets

dc.contributor.authorGaspar, Augusta
dc.contributor.authorEsteves, Francisco
dc.date.accessioned2022-10-26T08:42:10Z
dc.date.available2022-10-26T08:42:10Z
dc.date.issued2022-10-10
dc.description.abstractThis research was conducted with two main goals—to contribute to knowledge on the development of empathy from early adolescence to adulthood, including its contribution to decoding emotion expression, and to improve the understanding of the nature of empathy by simultaneously assessing empathy toward two different targets—humans and animals. It unfolded into two cross-sectional studies: One (S1) obtaining measures of empathy toward humans and animals as targets across five age groups (from pre-adolescents to adults); and another (S2) where a subset of the adolescents who participated in S1 were assessed in emotion expression decoding and subjective and physiological responses to emotional video clips. The results of S1 showed that empathy toward animals and most dimensions of empathy toward humans increase toward adulthood, with important gender differences in empathy to animals and humans, and empathy levels in girls starting off in the age trajectory at higher levels, A moderate correlation between empathy toward human and toward animal targets was also found. S2 showed that the expression of positive emotion is better recognized than that of negative emotion, surprise, or neutral expression, and that the measure of human-directed empathy predicts successful decoding of negative emotion, whereas skin conductance responses (SCRs) and subjective valence ratings predicted successful identification of positive emotion. Gender differences emerged but not across all age groups nor all subscales. Results yield keys to the developmental “pace” and trajectory of the various dimensions of empathy and to how empathy relates to emotion decoding.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fpsyg.2022.936053pt_PT
dc.identifier.eid85140373411
dc.identifier.issn1664-1078
dc.identifier.pmcPMC9590310
dc.identifier.pmid36300042
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/39183
dc.identifier.wos000874592800001
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectAdolescent developmentpt_PT
dc.subjectAnimal-directed empathypt_PT
dc.subjectDynamic facial expression stimulipt_PT
dc.subjectEmotional developmentpt_PT
dc.subjectEmpathypt_PT
dc.subjectEmpathy across targetspt_PT
dc.subjectEmpathy development
dc.subjectFacial expression decoding
dc.titleEmpathy development from adolescence to adulthood and its consistency across targetspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.titleFrontiers in Psychologypt_PT
oaire.citation.volume13pt_PT
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT

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