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Políticas penales, prisión y género: debates feministas contemporáneos y miradas cruzadas desde diferentes latitudes
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
La prisión es la institución moderna por excelencia para el ejercicio del control sociopenal, un lugar donde violencias que son prohibidas en otras circunstancias son permitidas, y en donde otras, que se encuentran ampliamente normalizadas —como la violencia de género— son trasplantadas en sus propios términos. El feminismo ha debatido vigorosamente la posibilidad de que la justicia criminal-penal y la institución penitenciaria puedan no solo reproducir, sino también combatir los fenómenos de la violencia; debate que originó dos líneas dicotomizadas conocidas como «feminismo carcelario» y feminismo anticarcelario o abolicionista. En el presente artículo, pretendemos analizar críticamente ambas posturas para poder pensar las políticas penales más allá de dicha dicotomía. Por un lado, contraponemos el viraje punitivista feminista y la hipóstasis de las reivindicaciones feministas traducidas en políticas de justicia; por otro, buscamos criticar la idealización de las acciones «más allá de lo penitenciario» o un reconocimiento como «intrínsecamente radical» de los procesos de justicia hechos «en los márgenes» de las instituciones formales, incluyendo la prisión. Para este efecto, nos apoyaremos en las exploraciones teóricas y observaciones recientes desde América Latina y de la Península Ibérica. Finalmente, se considerarán implicaciones en las políticas criminopenales y comunitarias.
The prison has been understood as the modern institution par excellence for the exercise of penal social control, a place where several prohibited violences are allowed and where others, widely normalized, such as gender violence, are relocated in their own terms. In recent years, feminism has vigorously questioned the possibility that criminal-penal justice and the prison institution can not only reproduce, but also to struggle against phenomena of violence - a debate that has given rise to two dichotomized lines known as ‘carceral feminism’ and anti-carceral or abolitionist feminism. In this article, we intend to relocate this debate and to provide some critical contributions that allow the overcoming of this dichotomy. If, on the one hand, we oppose to the punitive feminist turn and to the hypostasis of feminist claims translated into justice policies; on the other hand, we also do not seek the idealization of the action ‘beyond the penitentiary’ or the recognition of an intrinsically radical character to justice processes made ‘on the margins’ of formal institutions, including the prison. For this purpose, we will rely on theoretical explorations and recent observations from Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula. Finally, the implications of this spectrum of definition of criminal-penal and community policies will be considered.
The prison has been understood as the modern institution par excellence for the exercise of penal social control, a place where several prohibited violences are allowed and where others, widely normalized, such as gender violence, are relocated in their own terms. In recent years, feminism has vigorously questioned the possibility that criminal-penal justice and the prison institution can not only reproduce, but also to struggle against phenomena of violence - a debate that has given rise to two dichotomized lines known as ‘carceral feminism’ and anti-carceral or abolitionist feminism. In this article, we intend to relocate this debate and to provide some critical contributions that allow the overcoming of this dichotomy. If, on the one hand, we oppose to the punitive feminist turn and to the hypostasis of feminist claims translated into justice policies; on the other hand, we also do not seek the idealization of the action ‘beyond the penitentiary’ or the recognition of an intrinsically radical character to justice processes made ‘on the margins’ of formal institutions, including the prison. For this purpose, we will rely on theoretical explorations and recent observations from Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula. Finally, the implications of this spectrum of definition of criminal-penal and community policies will be considered.
Description
Keywords
Género Cárcel Políticas penales Justicia Feminismo Gender Prison Penal policies Justice Feminism