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TAM pathway proteins as novel salivary biomarkers for periodontitis

2025-11-04Research article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorMendes, Karina
dc.contributor.authorGomes, Ana T. P. C.
dc.contributor.authorTatakis, Dimitris N.
dc.contributor.authorMarques, Tiago
dc.contributor.authorPinto, Marla
dc.contributor.authorLopes, Pedro C.
dc.contributor.authorCorreia, Maria J.
dc.contributor.authorRosa, Nuno
dc.date.accessioned2025-11-07T14:46:32Z
dc.date.available2025-11-07T14:46:32Z
dc.date.issued2025-11-04
dc.description.abstractBackground The identification of molecular biomarkers that help clinicians in early diagnosis is a key focus of periodontal research. The major aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to assess whether salivary TAM pathway protein levels have the potential to discriminate between periodontally healthy or gingivitis controls and periodontitis patients, including those with mild (I/II) or severe (III/IV) disease. Methods Twenty-five periodontally healthy, 24 gingivitis, and 51 periodontitis patients further stratified into mild (stages I/II, n = 25) or severe (stages III/IV, n = 26) periodontitis were included. Salivary levels of tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO (AXL), TYRO3 protein tyrosine kinase (TYRO3), Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase MER (MERTK), and growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6) were quantified using a multiplex immunoassay approach. Results Salivary AXL, TYRO3, MERTK, and GAS6 levels were significantly elevated in periodontitis compared to periodontally healthy and gingivitis patients. Similar results for each periodontitis severity subgroup compared to control groups (except for MERTK, which was significantly different only for stage III/IV) were obtained. Supporting these findings, AXL, TYRO3, and GAS6 were the most accurate in differentiating between periodontally healthy/gingivitis and periodontitis, including mild or severe periodontitis (area under the curve [AUC] ranging from 0.72 to 0.89). Overall, combining biomarkers enhanced the predictive value for identifying periodontitis, including mild and severe disease, compared to using individual biomarkers alone (AUC values between 0.81 and 0.91). Conclusion Salivary TAM pathway markers show promise as a potential noninvasive diagnostic screening tool to distinguish between controls (healthy/gingivitis) and periodontitis, including mild or severe periodontitis.eng
dc.identifier.citationMendes, K., Gomes, A. T. P. C., Tatakis, D. N., & Marques, T. et al. (in press). TAM pathway proteins as novel salivary biomarkers for periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.70021
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/jper.70021
dc.identifier.eid105020983718
dc.identifier.issn0022-3492
dc.identifier.other6291cde2-5ad2-422b-9d00-78e5820c1fd2
dc.identifier.pmid41187004
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/55550
dc.identifier.wos001607154300001
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectAXL receptor tyrosine kinase
dc.subjectBiomarkers
dc.subjectMer tyrosine kinase
dc.subjectPeriodontitis
dc.subjectReceptor proteintyrosine kinases
dc.subjectSaliva
dc.subjectSmoking
dc.titleTAM pathway proteins as novel salivary biomarkers for periodontitiseng
dc.typeresearch article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage11
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Periodontology
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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