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Bioactive potential of chitosan–oleic acid nanoparticles loaded with lemon peel essential oil for topical treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis

2024-12-06Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorIbrahim, Faten M.
dc.contributor.authorShalaby, Eman Samy
dc.contributor.authorAbdelhameed, Mohamed F.
dc.contributor.authorEl-Akad, Radwa H.
dc.contributor.authorAhmed, Kawkab A.
dc.contributor.authorAbdel-Aziz, Mohamed S.
dc.contributor.authorHabbasha, El Sayed El
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Cristina V.
dc.contributor.authorPintado, Manuela
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-30T12:46:38Z
dc.date.available2024-12-30T12:46:38Z
dc.date.issued2024-12-06
dc.description.abstractThe rising incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) has been leading to the development of alternative antifungal therapies. This study aimed to develop a topical chitosan–oleic acid nanoparticle (CH-OA-NP) cream loaded with lemon peel essential oil (LPEO) for VVC treatment. The characterization of the optimal nanoparticle formulation (F4: 10 g/L CH, 2:1 OA/LPEO ratio) showed high encapsulation efficiency, stability, and controlled release. Moreover, it was characterized regarding its particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and chemical/morphological profile. LPEO-related compounds (e.g., eriodictyol) were identified through LC-ESI-QqTOF-HRMS in the cream matrix, suggesting the preservation of LPEO potential bioactivities after formulation. In silico docking of 12 LPEO metabolites revealed that compounds such as citronellic acid exerted inhibitory effects against several inflammation-associated enzymes (e.g., 14-α-Demethylase). In vitro antimicrobial tests demonstrated remarkable activity against Candida albicans, Gram-negative (e.g., Escherichia coli), and Gram-positive (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria. In vivo studies in a rat model of VVC revealed significant antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects of the LPEO-CH-OA-NP cream (5% and 10%), leading to reduced MDA, MPO, and IL-1β levels and increased GSH activity. This novel formulation potentially offers a promising alternative therapy for VVC, addressing the current antifungal therapies’ limitations, counteracting drug resistance.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/molecules29235766pt_PT
dc.identifier.eid85212176437
dc.identifier.issn1420-3049
dc.identifier.pmcPMC11643761
dc.identifier.pmid39683923
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/47667
dc.identifier.wos001376336700001
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectAntimicrobial therapiespt_PT
dc.subjectBioactive compoundspt_PT
dc.subjectChitosan–oleic acid nanoparticlespt_PT
dc.subjectCitrus byproductspt_PT
dc.subjectLemon essential oilpt_PT
dc.subjectMolecular dockingpt_PT
dc.subjectVulvovaginal candidiasispt_PT
dc.titleBioactive potential of chitosan–oleic acid nanoparticles loaded with lemon peel essential oil for topical treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasispt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue23pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleMoleculespt_PT
oaire.citation.volume29pt_PT
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT

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