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Potentially toxic element contamination of European city soils and implications for urban farming food safety
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Introduction: Urban farming has experienced increasing attention in the last decades due to its beneficial impact on the social, economic, and environmental stability of the city. However, the contamination of urban soils with potentially toxic elements (PTE) poses a significant challenge to the safety of urban-grown produce. This review consolidates data from studies on PTE contamination in European urban soils, identifying the risks associated with lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, among others. Methodology: Analysis of data covering 91 locations across 46 cities in 17 European countries. Discrimination of specific city location from where the samples were recovered. Collection of respective national and international regulations and guidelines limiting to the presence of these elements in agricultural soils. Comparison of measured values to established regulations and guidelines. Conclusion: There is strong evidence of widespread soil contamination, with over 80% of analyses reporting values exceeding recommended or regulatory limits for safe agricultural practices. Tracing this contamination is challenging, as soil pollution often involves multiple metals, making it difficult to identify the primary sources. Moreover, focusing solely on specific pollution sources or targeted contaminants may overlook significant concentrations of other unexamined elements. The accumulation of these metals in edible plants poses potential dietary risks, highlighting the need for risk assessment studies to better understand human exposure through the consumption of urban-grown produce.
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Rezende, L., Barbosa, J. B., & Teixeira, P. (2025). Potentially toxic element contamination of European city soils and implications for urban farming food safety. 1-1. Poster session presented at Dare2Change, Porto, Portugal.