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Desde muito cedo que os direitos fundamentais foram protegidos na União Europeia. Atendendo à vastidão de domínios cobertos pelas suas atribuições, outra coisa não podia ser. Nesse contexto, a CDFUE constitui um importante marco na evolução da protecção daqueles direitos, incidindo sobre os Estados-Membros o dever explícito de fazer cumprir os direitos e princípios que dela decorrem. Nos seus próprios termos, têm eles o dever de os respeitar, promover e observar sempre que uma qualquer situação ocorra no âmbito do direito da UE. Ora, dado que a legislação da União Europeia se aplica a nível nacional e que a elaboração das políticas internas incontornavelmente sofre a sua influência, e, uma vez que a Carta vincula os EstadosMembros «apenas quando apliquem o direito da União», este trabalho pretende determinar qual o seu real âmbito de aplicação. Nesse sentido, a jurisprudência do TJUE desempenhou um papel central, estabelecendo limites à aplicação dos direitos fundamentais reconhecidos pela Carta. Assim sendo, este trabalho traduz-se numa reflexão sobre se o TJUE estará a expandir ou a restringir o seu real alcance de protecção. Em Março de 2021 recebemos um convite para lecionar uma aula aberta no âmbito do curso de mestrado em Direito Europeu e Comparado, da Universidade Portucalense do Porto, em concreto na disciplina de Direito Público Europeu, e o tema que propusemos foi uma abordagem ao âmbito de aplicação deste específico instrumento de protecção de direitos fundamentais. O texto que se segue serviu de suporte à nossa apresentação, ficando aquém de toda a jurisprudência apresentada na sua lecionação.
From very early on, fundamental rights were protected in the European Union. Given the vastness of the areas covered by its remit, this could not be otherwise. In that context, the CFREU is an important milestone in the evolution of the protection of fundamental rights, and Member States have an explicit duty to enforce the rights and principles flowing from it. In its own terms, they have a duty to respect, promote and observe them whenever any situation arises under EU law. Now, since European Union law applies at the national level and domestic policy-making is unavoidably influenced by it, and since the Charter binds Member States "only when they implement Union law", this paper aims to determine its actual scope of application. In this sense, the jurisprudence of the CJEU has played a central role, setting limits to the application of the fundamental rights recognized by the Charter. As such, this work translates into a reflection on whether the CJEU is expanding or restricting its real scope of protection. In March 2021, we received an invitation to teach an open class as part of the master's degree course in European and Comparative Law at the Universidade Portucalense in Porto, specifically in the subject of European Public Law, and the topic we proposed was a reflection on the scope of application of this specific instrument for the protection of fundamental rights. The text that follows served to support our presentation, falling short of all the jurisprudence presented in its lecture.
From very early on, fundamental rights were protected in the European Union. Given the vastness of the areas covered by its remit, this could not be otherwise. In that context, the CFREU is an important milestone in the evolution of the protection of fundamental rights, and Member States have an explicit duty to enforce the rights and principles flowing from it. In its own terms, they have a duty to respect, promote and observe them whenever any situation arises under EU law. Now, since European Union law applies at the national level and domestic policy-making is unavoidably influenced by it, and since the Charter binds Member States "only when they implement Union law", this paper aims to determine its actual scope of application. In this sense, the jurisprudence of the CJEU has played a central role, setting limits to the application of the fundamental rights recognized by the Charter. As such, this work translates into a reflection on whether the CJEU is expanding or restricting its real scope of protection. In March 2021, we received an invitation to teach an open class as part of the master's degree course in European and Comparative Law at the Universidade Portucalense in Porto, specifically in the subject of European Public Law, and the topic we proposed was a reflection on the scope of application of this specific instrument for the protection of fundamental rights. The text that follows served to support our presentation, falling short of all the jurisprudence presented in its lecture.
Description
Keywords
Direitos fundamentais Carta dos Direitos Fundamentais da União Europeia Jurisprudência do TJUE Destinatários da Carta Âmbito de aplicação Fundamental rights Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union Jurisprudence of the CJEU Addressees of the Charter Scope