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Cytotoxic and antibiofilm properties of antibiotic-loaded thermoresponsive hydrogels for root canal therapy

2025-03-01Artigo de investigação Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorDuque, Cristiane
dc.contributor.authorBraga, Gabriela Pacheco de Almeida
dc.contributor.authorCarvalho, Juliana Machado de
dc.contributor.authorCaiaffa, Karina Sampaio
dc.contributor.authorNunes, Gabriel Pereira
dc.contributor.authorRabelo, Rafaela Laruzo
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Vanessa Rodrigues dos
dc.contributor.authorPeres, Geórgia Rondó
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro, Lucas da Silva
dc.contributor.authorCamargo, Emerson Rodrigues de
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-13T14:16:56Z
dc.date.available2025-08-13T14:16:56Z
dc.date.issued2025-03-01
dc.description.abstractDental infections can disrupt root development in immature permanent teeth, making traditional endodontic treatment challenging. Apexogenesis, a regenerative approach that promotes natural root development, offers a potential solution. However, issues related to disinfection and material biocompatibility still remain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the synergistic antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of double and triple antibiotic combinations against common oral pathogens, and to incorporate the most effective combination into a thermosensitive hydrogel, to develop an alternative intracanal medication. Antibiotics were tested alone and in combination in planktonic and biofilm conditions of oral bacteria and Candida albicans. The antibiotic combinations with potential antimicrobial synergy were tested on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms in radicular dentin by confocal microscopy. Metronidazole (ME), ciprofloxacin (CI), and fosfomycin (FO) were incorporated into poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) hydrogels, and their antibiofilm activity was compared to PNVCL hydrogels containing chlorhexidine (CHX) or calcium hydroxide (CH). The cytotoxicity of the hydrogels was assessed on MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells using metiltetrazolium assays. A statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). The combination of ME + CI + FO showed superior antibiofilm effects in mono- and dual-species biofilms and on biofilms inside dentinal tubules, comparable to CHX. PNVCL hydrogels with ME + CI + FO significantly reduced E. faecalis biofilms in dentinal tubules, exhibiting a higher efficacy than PNVCL + CH. Cytotoxicity tests revealed minimal effects on cell viability for both PNVCL hydrogels with and without antibiotics. In conclusion, ME + CI + FO showed potent antimicrobial synergy and, when loaded in thermosensitive PNVCL hydrogel, demonstrated significant antibiofilm activity and low cytotoxicity. These findings emphasize the potential of this formulation as an effective and biocompatible endodontic medication, especially for the treatment of immature permanent teeth.eng
dc.identifier.citationDuque, C., Braga, G. P. D. A., Carvalho, J. M. D., & Caiaffa, K. S. et al. (2025). Cytotoxic and antibiofilm properties of antibiotic-loaded thermoresponsive hydrogels for root canal therapy. Processes, 13(3), Article 661. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13030661
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/pr13030661
dc.identifier.eid105000927615
dc.identifier.issn2227-9717
dc.identifier.other7b2f6f5b-d66f-49db-91ea-b5bfe61b3888
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/54542
dc.identifier.wos001452765500001
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectAntibiotics
dc.subjectCalcium hydroxide
dc.subjectCell culture
dc.subjectChlorhexidine
dc.subjectCytotoxicity
dc.subjectHydrogel
dc.titleCytotoxic and antibiofilm properties of antibiotic-loaded thermoresponsive hydrogels for root canal therapyeng
dc.typeresearch article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue3
oaire.citation.titleProcesses
oaire.citation.volume13
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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