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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução/ enquadramento/ objetivos
Portugal é o maior produtor mundial de cortiça. A cortiça deriva do sobreiro (quercus suber) e é constituída por células mortas com celulose.
As tarefas com mais carga geralmente são atribuídas ao sexo masculino e as mais minuciosas/ repetitivas ao feminino; tal implica uma diferente exposição ocupacional, ou seja, exposições de maior risco geralmente ocorrem quase exclusivamente em postos ocupados pelo sexo masculino.
A primeira referência à Suberose (cortiça= suber) foi em 1947. No entanto, a generalidade dos estudos do setor foi efetuada em empresas com boas condições de trabalho, pelo que as conclusões poderão não ser facilmente extrapoladas para a generalidade dos trabalhadores da cortiça.
Pretende-se com esta revisão bibliográfica resumir o que de mais relevante se publicou sobre o tema.
Metodologia
Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em outubro de 2020 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e RCAAP”.
Conteúdo
Os primeiros artigos relativos ao setor da Cortiça destacam o papel que alguns microrganismos têm, nomeadamente a estirpe Penicillium glabrum (antigamente designado por frequentans); documentos mais recentes acrescentam a Chrysonilia Sitophila e Mucor. Em locais com menos humidade a concentração fúngica diminui. Trabalhadores com Suberose desenvolveram reações cutâneas aos fungos em causa e a inalação dos respetivos aerossóis originou a sintomatologia caraterística. Alguns autores também acreditam que alguns ácaros poderão ter alguma relevância na asma de corticeiros (como o P notatum, Cladosporium, A fumigatus, Alternaria alternata, Acarus siro e Tyrophagus putrescentiae). A suberina existente de forma abundante na cortiça, também poderá estar associada a alguns sintomas. Os trabalhadores ficam expostos ainda ao pó da cortiça, mas as poeiras são menos prevalentes nos ambientes de trabalho que os fungos.
A suberose é então uma patologia do interstício pulmonar provocada pela exposição repetida ao pó e bolor da cortiça; aliás, é a doença do interstício pulmonar mais prevalente na zona norte do país. Também a asma pode estar associada com uma menor prevalência. Consoante a dimensão dos esporos fúngicos será mais provável surgir asma ou Pneumonite de Hipersensibilidade, ou seja, se mais pequenos (1 a 2 micrómeros) surgirá mais frequentemente uma resposta alveolar (alveolite); se maiores, provavelmente ocorrerá uma resposta brônquica, ou seja, asma.
Conclusões
A indústria da cortiça está razoavelmente desenvolvida em algumas zonas do país, mas nem sempre abundam os conhecimentos relativos à Suberose. Seria relevante que todos os profissionais nas Equipas de Saúde Ocupacional com clientes nesta área estivessem confortáveis em abordar o setor; para além disso, é muito relevante desenvolver investigação recente, divulgando a mesma internacionalmente, até porque Portugal é o país que mais investiu e inovou no setor da Cortiça, mundialmente.
Introduction/ background/ objectives Portugal is the world’s largest producer of cork. It is derived from the cork oak (quercus suber) and consists of dead cells with cellulose. The tasks with the highest load are usually assigned to the male and the most repetitive to the female; this implies a different occupational exposure, meaning that exposures of higher risk generally occur almost exclusively in male positions.The first reference to Suberose (cork = suber) was in 1947. However, most studies in the sector were carried out in companies with good working conditions, so the conclusions may not be easily extrapolated to most cork workers. The aim of this bibliographic review is to summarize the most relevant information about the topic. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a survey conducted in October 2020 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP ”. Content The first articles related to the Cork sector highlight the role that some microorganisms have, like Penicillium glabrum (formerly known as frequentans); more recent documents add Chrysonilia Sitophila and Mucor. In places with less humidity the fungal concentration decreases. Workers with Suberosis had skin reactions to the fungus in question and the inhalation of the respective aerosols caused the characteristic symptoms. Some authors also believe that some mites may have some relevance in cork asthma (such as P notatum, Cladosporium, A fumigatus, Alternaria alternata, Acarus siro and Tyrophagus putrescentiae). The suberin found abundantly in cork, may also be associated with some symptoms. Workers are also exposed to cork dust; yet it is less prevalent in the workplace than fungi. Suberose is a pathology of the pulmonary interstitium caused by repeated exposure to dust and mold from cork; in fact, it is the most prevalent disease of the pulmonary interstitium in the north of the country. However, Asthma may also be associated with a lower prevalence. Depending on the size of the fungal spores, Asthma or Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis will be more likely, that is, if smaller (1 to 2 micromers), an alveolar response (alveolitis) will appear more frequently; if larger, a bronchial response, like asthma, can occur. Conclusions The cork industry is reasonably developed in some areas of the country, but knowledge about Suberosis is not always abundant. It would be relevant that all professionals in the Occupational Health Teams with clients in this area were comfortable in the way how to approach the sector; in addition, it is very relevant to develop recent research, disseminating it internationally, not least because Portugal is the country that most developed the sector, worldwide.
Introduction/ background/ objectives Portugal is the world’s largest producer of cork. It is derived from the cork oak (quercus suber) and consists of dead cells with cellulose. The tasks with the highest load are usually assigned to the male and the most repetitive to the female; this implies a different occupational exposure, meaning that exposures of higher risk generally occur almost exclusively in male positions.The first reference to Suberose (cork = suber) was in 1947. However, most studies in the sector were carried out in companies with good working conditions, so the conclusions may not be easily extrapolated to most cork workers. The aim of this bibliographic review is to summarize the most relevant information about the topic. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a survey conducted in October 2020 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP ”. Content The first articles related to the Cork sector highlight the role that some microorganisms have, like Penicillium glabrum (formerly known as frequentans); more recent documents add Chrysonilia Sitophila and Mucor. In places with less humidity the fungal concentration decreases. Workers with Suberosis had skin reactions to the fungus in question and the inhalation of the respective aerosols caused the characteristic symptoms. Some authors also believe that some mites may have some relevance in cork asthma (such as P notatum, Cladosporium, A fumigatus, Alternaria alternata, Acarus siro and Tyrophagus putrescentiae). The suberin found abundantly in cork, may also be associated with some symptoms. Workers are also exposed to cork dust; yet it is less prevalent in the workplace than fungi. Suberose is a pathology of the pulmonary interstitium caused by repeated exposure to dust and mold from cork; in fact, it is the most prevalent disease of the pulmonary interstitium in the north of the country. However, Asthma may also be associated with a lower prevalence. Depending on the size of the fungal spores, Asthma or Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis will be more likely, that is, if smaller (1 to 2 micromers), an alveolar response (alveolitis) will appear more frequently; if larger, a bronchial response, like asthma, can occur. Conclusions The cork industry is reasonably developed in some areas of the country, but knowledge about Suberosis is not always abundant. It would be relevant that all professionals in the Occupational Health Teams with clients in this area were comfortable in the way how to approach the sector; in addition, it is very relevant to develop recent research, disseminating it internationally, not least because Portugal is the country that most developed the sector, worldwide.
Description
Keywords
Suberose Cortiça Doença profissional Saúde ocupacional Medicina do trabalho Cork Occupational disease Occupational health Occupational medicine
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Santos M, Almeida A, Lopes C. (2020) Suberose- a Doença Profissional mais Portuguesa. Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional on line. 2020, volume 10, 164-173. DOI:10.31252/RPSO.12.12.2010
Publisher
RPSO