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Sampling methods for outdoor sculptures: comparison of swabs and cryogels by flow cytometry as novel alternatives for assessment and quantification of microbial contamination

dc.contributor.authorSilva, Nádia C.
dc.contributor.authorPintado, Manuela
dc.contributor.authorMoreira, Patrícia R.
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-11T16:52:53Z
dc.date.available2023-02-03T01:30:27Z
dc.date.issued2022-03-01
dc.description.abstractFlow cytometry was evaluated for the first time for the microbiological characterisation of samples collected from the surfaces of stone and mortar sculptures. The study was carried out on outdoor sculptures located in the district of Porto (Portugal), from which samples were collected using swabs and poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (poly(HEMA)) cryogels as non-invasive sampling methods. The use of poly(HEMA) cryogels was tested as an alternative to swabbing due to the difficulties often encountered in sampling stone surfaces and retrieving microorganisms from swab fibres. The quantification of the microorganisms collected by the two sampling methods and the determination of their cell viability were performed using a combination of the fluorochromes thiazole orange (TO) and propidium iodide (PI). Both methods were effective to collect samples for analysis by flow cytometry, which proved to be a technique of interest and potential use for biodeterioration studies of cultural heritage (CH). Data visualisation of viable and non-viable microbial cells was clearer with cryogels, although higher concentrations of total microorganisms were achieved with swabs. Our results show that swab sampling is a more adequate method, although poly(HEMA) cryogels can be an option to consider for specific microbial viability analyses for biodeterioration evaluation of stone artworks.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.culher.2022.01.006pt_PT
dc.identifier.eid85123883095
dc.identifier.issn1296-2074
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/36656
dc.identifier.wos000819944500010
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.subjectBiodeteriorationpt_PT
dc.subjectFlow cytometrypt_PT
dc.subjectPreventive conservationpt_PT
dc.subjectSculpturept_PT
dc.subjectStonept_PT
dc.titleSampling methods for outdoor sculptures: comparison of swabs and cryogels by flow cytometry as novel alternatives for assessment and quantification of microbial contaminationpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage102pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage94pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Cultural Heritagept_PT
oaire.citation.volume54pt_PT
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT

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