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INTRODUÇÃO Ao longo da história da Enfermagem, assistimos também ao desenvolvimento da Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica que, em Portugal, se iniciou nos asilos, casas de saúde e hospitais de alienados que surgiram em meados da século XIX. OBJETIVO Descrever as intervenções de Enfermagem expostas no livro "Manual del Enfermero para Pacientes Nerviosos y Mentales". MÉTODOS É um trabalho que resulta de urna investigação histórica, tendo como base os pressupostos que decorrem da pesquisa e análise documental que incide sobre o "Manual del Enfermero para Pacientes Nerviosos y Mentales", publicado em 1936, e que é uma tradução espanhola de uma versão primária na língua alemã, de 1935. RESULTADOS O referido manual apresenta três objetivos principais, que são: reunir noções profissionais indispensáveis, chamar a atenção para as dificuldades da profissão e os limites do conhecimento e promover as qualidades de carácter que são indispensáveis ao exercício da profissão. Encontra-se estruturado em cinco partes: a primeira dirigida ao homem são, a segunda ao doente, a terceira aos cuidados a ter com os doentes, a quarta à higiene mental e assistência e a última à história da medicina mental. As intervenções de Enfermagem, como por exemplo a hidroterapia, a ergoterapia e a administração de medicação, são baseadas numa avaliação da pessoa e na vigilância do seu comportamento, tendo em conta o respeito do enfermeiro pela pessoa doente, os seus familiares e amigos, a instituição e os restantes enfermeiros. CONCLUSÕES Concluímos que o manual, tendo em conta o seu estado e a análise do seu conteúdo, foi importante na formação e no desenvolvimento profissional dos enfermeiros que, à época, trabalharam no Centro Hospitalar Conde Ferreira. As intervenções de Enfermagem são encaminhadas tanto para a cuidado com o corpo como da mente, sendo que a família, já na altura, também era objeto da atenção dos seus profissionais.
INTRODUCTION Throughout the history of Nursing we also witnessed to the development of the Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, that, in Portugal, was initiated in asylums, nursing homes and psychiatric hospitals that emerged in the mid-nineteenth century. OBJECTIVES Describe the Nursing interventions exposed in the book "Manual del Enfermero para Pacientes Nerviosos y Mentales". METHODS it is an work that results from an historical research, based on the assumptions that result from documental analysis that is focused on the "Manual del Enfermero para Pacientes Nerviosos y Mentales", edited in 1936, which is a Spanish translation of a primary version of german language, published in 1935. RESULTST he manual presents three main objectives, that are: bring together indispensable professional notions, draw attention to the difficulties of the profession and to the limits of knowledge, and promote the qualities of character that are necessary to the exercise of Nursing_ It is structured into five parts: the first one is directed to the healthy man, the second to the unhealthy, the third to the care of patients, the fourth to mental hygiene and assistance and the last part to the history of mental medicine. The Nursing interventions, such as hydrotherapy, ergotherapy and administration of medication, are based on the evaluation of the person and the surveillance of his behavior, taking into account the respect of the nurse for the sick people, their families and friends, the institution and the remaining nurses. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the manual, taking into acount its presentation and the analysis of its content, it was important in the training and in the professional development of nurses that, at the time, worked at Centro Hospitalar Conde Ferreira. Nursing interventions are addressed either to the care of the body and of the mind, and the family was also subject of attention of the nurses.
INTRODUCTION Throughout the history of Nursing we also witnessed to the development of the Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, that, in Portugal, was initiated in asylums, nursing homes and psychiatric hospitals that emerged in the mid-nineteenth century. OBJECTIVES Describe the Nursing interventions exposed in the book "Manual del Enfermero para Pacientes Nerviosos y Mentales". METHODS it is an work that results from an historical research, based on the assumptions that result from documental analysis that is focused on the "Manual del Enfermero para Pacientes Nerviosos y Mentales", edited in 1936, which is a Spanish translation of a primary version of german language, published in 1935. RESULTST he manual presents three main objectives, that are: bring together indispensable professional notions, draw attention to the difficulties of the profession and to the limits of knowledge, and promote the qualities of character that are necessary to the exercise of Nursing_ It is structured into five parts: the first one is directed to the healthy man, the second to the unhealthy, the third to the care of patients, the fourth to mental hygiene and assistance and the last part to the history of mental medicine. The Nursing interventions, such as hydrotherapy, ergotherapy and administration of medication, are based on the evaluation of the person and the surveillance of his behavior, taking into account the respect of the nurse for the sick people, their families and friends, the institution and the remaining nurses. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the manual, taking into acount its presentation and the analysis of its content, it was important in the training and in the professional development of nurses that, at the time, worked at Centro Hospitalar Conde Ferreira. Nursing interventions are addressed either to the care of the body and of the mind, and the family was also subject of attention of the nurses.
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CANDEIAS, A.; ESTEVES, A.; Sá, Luís (2016). Cuidados de Enfermagem em Saúde Mental e Psiquiatria no início do Século XX. Revista Servir. ISSN 1980-7791. 59(1), 47-54