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Perceções sobre o retrato de conflitos geopolíticos nos media e (des)informações: um estudo junto dos públicos portugueses
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os conflitos armados encontram-se no epicentro de uma guerra de informações estimulada por afirmações falsas sobre as motivações dos conflitos e os refugiados. A propagação de narrativas alimentadas particularmente no contexto do online, desafia a União Europeia (EU) e Organizações Internacionais a definir estratégias de combate e a adotar medidas de escrutínio sobre os principais canais de desinformação de modo a impedir que narrativas hostis moldem a opinião pública e influenciem os decisores políticos. A narrativa da crise e do aumento do custo de vida, ou da imigração descontrolada, particularmente no contexto dos países europeus, tende a semear divisão, incerteza e ressentimentos em relação aos refugiados. Tal facto pode ter impacto sobre as decisões das instituições sobre as políticas de migração, legitimando medidas mais restritivas, e colocando em causa a proteção das vítimas de conflito em situação de vulnerabilidade. É no sentido de procurar compreender e analisar as implicações dos discursos mediáticos na formação das representações sociais sobre a guerra Russo-Ucraniana e os conflitos armados, e os refugiados, que este artigo ganha relevância. Parte de um estudo exploratório integrado no Projeto de Investigação e Desenvolvimento (I&D) MeInWar - Estudo sobre os media e as representações sociais acerca do conflito Russo-Ucraniano, financiado pela Universidade Europeia, que tem como principal objeto de estudo a narrativa e o discurso mediático em torno do conflito russo-ucraniano e dos conflitos armados, em sentido lato, assim como as representações sociais sobre a guerra, os refugiados e as políticas migratórias. Através do recurso a um inquérito por questionário, este artigo pretendeu analisar e compreender as opiniões e os pontos de vista dos cidadãos a residir em contexto português, sobre as informações acerca da guerra da Rússia na Ucrânia e os refugiados vítimas deste conflito e, ainda, as suas perspetivas acerca da intervenção da UE nesse processo e do impacto dessa guerra nos seus contextos mais imediatos. As principais conclusões indicam que os inquiridos acompanham as notícias sobre a guerra Russo-Ucraniana principalmente através dos media digitais e da televisão, atribuindo um tom negativo à cobertura mediático do conflito. Há discordância sobre a representação dos refugiados, mas a maioria considera que a intervenção da União Europeia é positiva, embora tema uma nova crise económica. A maioria dos cidadãos inquiridos acredita, ainda, que os refugiados poderão contribuir positivamente para o país de acolhimento.
Armed conflicts are at the epicentre of an information war fuelled by false claims about the motivations of conflicts and refugees. The spread of narratives fuelled particularly in the online context challenges the European Union (EU) and International Organisations to define strategies to combat them and adopt measures to scrutinise the main channels of misinformation in order to prevent hostile narratives from shaping public opinion and influencing political decision-makers. The narrative of the crisis and the rising cost of living, or of uncontrolled immigration, particularly in the context of European countries, tends to sow division, uncertainty and resentment towards refugees. This fact may have an impact on institutional decisions on migration policies, legitimizing more restrictive measures and jeopardizing the protection of vulnerable victims of conflict. It is in the sense of seeking to understand and analyze the implications of media discourses in the formation of social representations about the Russo-Ukrainian war and armed conflicts, and refugees, that this research gains relevance. Part of an exploratory study integrated in the Research and Development (R&D) Project MeInWar - Study on the media and social representations of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, funded by the Universidade Europeia, whose main objective of study is the narrative and media discourse surrounding the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and armed conflicts in a broad sense, as well as social representations of war, refugees and migration policies. Through the use of a questionnaire, this research aimed to analyze and understand the opinions and points of view of citizens living in the Portuguese context, regarding information about the Russian war in Ukraine and the refugees who are victims of this conflict, and also their perspectives on the EU’s intervention in this process and the impact of this war on their most immediate contexts. The main findings indicate that respondents follow the news about the Russian-Ukrainian war mainly through digital media and television, attributing a negative tone to the media coverage of the conflict. There is disagreement about the representation of refugees, but the majority considers that the European Union’s intervention is positive, although they fear a new economic crisis. The majority of citizens also believe that refugees can contribute positively to the host country.
Armed conflicts are at the epicentre of an information war fuelled by false claims about the motivations of conflicts and refugees. The spread of narratives fuelled particularly in the online context challenges the European Union (EU) and International Organisations to define strategies to combat them and adopt measures to scrutinise the main channels of misinformation in order to prevent hostile narratives from shaping public opinion and influencing political decision-makers. The narrative of the crisis and the rising cost of living, or of uncontrolled immigration, particularly in the context of European countries, tends to sow division, uncertainty and resentment towards refugees. This fact may have an impact on institutional decisions on migration policies, legitimizing more restrictive measures and jeopardizing the protection of vulnerable victims of conflict. It is in the sense of seeking to understand and analyze the implications of media discourses in the formation of social representations about the Russo-Ukrainian war and armed conflicts, and refugees, that this research gains relevance. Part of an exploratory study integrated in the Research and Development (R&D) Project MeInWar - Study on the media and social representations of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, funded by the Universidade Europeia, whose main objective of study is the narrative and media discourse surrounding the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and armed conflicts in a broad sense, as well as social representations of war, refugees and migration policies. Through the use of a questionnaire, this research aimed to analyze and understand the opinions and points of view of citizens living in the Portuguese context, regarding information about the Russian war in Ukraine and the refugees who are victims of this conflict, and also their perspectives on the EU’s intervention in this process and the impact of this war on their most immediate contexts. The main findings indicate that respondents follow the news about the Russian-Ukrainian war mainly through digital media and television, attributing a negative tone to the media coverage of the conflict. There is disagreement about the representation of refugees, but the majority considers that the European Union’s intervention is positive, although they fear a new economic crisis. The majority of citizens also believe that refugees can contribute positively to the host country.
Description
Keywords
Media Informação Conflitos armados Literacia mediática Information Armed conflicts Media literacy
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
IADE Press
CC License
Without CC licence