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As primeiras provas documentais da presença de Frei Vasco e da sua pequena comunidade eremítica em Penha Longa, nas proximidades de Sintra, remontam a 1390, no que mais tarde se converteria num dos primeiros mosteiros da Ordem dos Jeróni-mos em Portugal. Desde cedo, o novo monarca português, o rei João I, aparece associado à história deste grupo, protegendo-o e permitindo-lhe adquirir as terras em que levavam uma vida pobre e solitária. A história inicial da Ordem de São Jerónimo em Portugal revela esta estreita relação com a realeza e com as principais elites leigas e eclesiásticas do reino português, que protege-ram e patrocinaram os seus mosteiros, mas também os utilizaram como modelos de uma vida exemplar e ordenada, em tempos de renovação da vida religiosa. Este é o caminho que propomos neste artigo, questionando, ao mesmo tempo, o que é possível saber sobre as origens da Ordem em Portugal e as suas relações com os grupos eremíticos que, em Portugal, se implantaram e expandiram sobretudo a sul do rio Tejo, com o seu centro na Serra de Ossa e seguidores, como os primeiros Jerónimos, de uma vida pobre e solitária.
The first documentary evidence of the presence of Fr. Vasco and his small eremitic community in Penha Longa, on the outskirts of Sintra, dates from 1390, in what would later become one of the first monasteries of the Hieronymite Order in Portugal. From early on, the new Portuguese monarch, King João I, appears in association with the history of this group, protecting it and enabling it to acquire the land on which they lived a poor and solitary life. The early history of the Order of St Jerome in Portugal reveals this close relationship with royalty and with the most important lay and ecclesiastical elites of the Portuguese kingdom, who protected and sponsored their monasteries, but also used them as examples of an exemplary, ordered life, in times of renewal of religious life. This is the path we propose in this article, questioning, at the same time, what is possible to know about the origins of the Order in Portugal and about its relations with the eremitic groups which, in Portugal, settled mainly south of the Tejo river, with its centre in Serra de Ossa, followers, like the first Hieronymites, of a poor and solitary life.
The first documentary evidence of the presence of Fr. Vasco and his small eremitic community in Penha Longa, on the outskirts of Sintra, dates from 1390, in what would later become one of the first monasteries of the Hieronymite Order in Portugal. From early on, the new Portuguese monarch, King João I, appears in association with the history of this group, protecting it and enabling it to acquire the land on which they lived a poor and solitary life. The early history of the Order of St Jerome in Portugal reveals this close relationship with royalty and with the most important lay and ecclesiastical elites of the Portuguese kingdom, who protected and sponsored their monasteries, but also used them as examples of an exemplary, ordered life, in times of renewal of religious life. This is the path we propose in this article, questioning, at the same time, what is possible to know about the origins of the Order in Portugal and about its relations with the eremitic groups which, in Portugal, settled mainly south of the Tejo river, with its centre in Serra de Ossa, followers, like the first Hieronymites, of a poor and solitary life.
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Ordem de S. Jerónimo Portugal Eremitas da Serra de Ossa Reforma religiosa Dinastia de Avis Order of S. Jerome Hermits of Serra de Ossa Religious reform Avis dynasty