| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6.87 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este trabalho tem como propósito avaliar a qualidade final do óleo de palma RBD (refinado) consoante a modificação de um auxiliar tecnológico numa das etapas do processo de transformação do óleo de palma bruto em RBD, na etapa de branqueamento. Em cada óleo de palma bruto recebido, uma parte foi branqueado com uma terra de branqueamento neutra – Minclear S161 – e a outra parte com uma terra de branqueamento ativada termicamente – Tonsil Supreme 178 FF –, sendo que as restantes etapas da refinação se mantiveram iguais. A discussão dos resultados deste trabalho inicialmente consistia em dois temas: avaliação da qualidade do óleo entre etapas e terras e avaliação da evolução da qualidade do óleo RBD ao longo do tempo. Sendo que, posteriormente, foram adicionados mais dois temas como complemento ao trabalho: avaliação da qualidade do óleo de diferentes origens e efeito do tempo de contacto das terras de branqueamento. Para avaliar a qualidade do óleo no estado bruto, branqueado e desodorizado, foram analisados, em laboratório, diversos parâmetros de qualidade e propriedades físicas, tais como: índice de deterioração de branqueamento, cor, carotenos, oxidação (índice de peróxidos, índice de p-anisidina e oxidação total), acidez, teor em água, sabões, teor de gordura sólida, ponto de fusão, composição em elementos químicos, em glicerídeos e em ácidos gordos. As análises desenvolvidas para este trabalho foram realizadas na empresa Rogério Leal e Filhos, S.A. Teoricamente, com a utilização da terra de branqueamento ativada termicamente, seria espectável que a qualidade do óleo refinado fosse superior, quando comparado com a qualidade do óleo refinado com a terra de branqueamento neutra, pelo facto da primeira passar por um processo de transformação que visa aumentar a sua eficácia de absorção e adsorção de certos componentes. No entanto, através dos resultados obtidos, foi possível concluir que não existem diferenças significativas na qualidade final do óleo de palma RBD que justifiquem a utilização da terra de branqueamento ativada termicamente. Como tal, a empresa pode reduzir os custos na etapa de branqueamento, e consequentemente na refinação do óleo, com a utilização da terra de branqueamento Minclear S161.
This work has the purpose to evaluate the final quality of RBD (refined) palm oil according to a modification of a processing aid in one of the steps of transforming crude palm oil into RBD, in the bleaching step. For each crude palm oil shipment, one part was bleached with a neutral bleaching earth – Minclear S161 – and another with a thermal activated bleaching earth – Tonsil Supreme 178 FF –, keeping the remaining steps of the process unaltered. The discussion of the results of this work initially consisted of two topics: evaluation of oil quality between stages and earths and evaluation of the evolution of RBD oil quality over time. Two more topics were added later as a complement to the work: evaluation of oil quality between different sources and contact time effect of bleaching earths. In order to assess the oil quality in its crude, bleached and deodorized state, several quality parameters and physical properties were analysed in the laboratory, such as: bleaching deterioration index, colour, carotenes, oxidation (peroxide content, p-anisidine content and total oxidation), acidity, water content, soaps, solid fat content, melting point, composition of chemical elements, glycerides and fatty acids. The analyses developed for this work were carried out at the company Rogério Leal e Filhos, S.A. Theoretically, it would be expected that the quality of refined oil with the use of thermal activated bleaching earth would be superior when compared to the quality of refined oil with neutral bleaching earth. The first undergoes a transformation process aimed at increasing the absorption and adsorption efficiency of certain components. However, through the results obtained it was possible to conclude that there are no significant differences in the final quality of RBD palm oil that justify the use of thermal activated bleaching earth. As such, the company can reduce costs in the bleaching stage, and hence in oil refining, by using Minclear S161 bleaching earth.
This work has the purpose to evaluate the final quality of RBD (refined) palm oil according to a modification of a processing aid in one of the steps of transforming crude palm oil into RBD, in the bleaching step. For each crude palm oil shipment, one part was bleached with a neutral bleaching earth – Minclear S161 – and another with a thermal activated bleaching earth – Tonsil Supreme 178 FF –, keeping the remaining steps of the process unaltered. The discussion of the results of this work initially consisted of two topics: evaluation of oil quality between stages and earths and evaluation of the evolution of RBD oil quality over time. Two more topics were added later as a complement to the work: evaluation of oil quality between different sources and contact time effect of bleaching earths. In order to assess the oil quality in its crude, bleached and deodorized state, several quality parameters and physical properties were analysed in the laboratory, such as: bleaching deterioration index, colour, carotenes, oxidation (peroxide content, p-anisidine content and total oxidation), acidity, water content, soaps, solid fat content, melting point, composition of chemical elements, glycerides and fatty acids. The analyses developed for this work were carried out at the company Rogério Leal e Filhos, S.A. Theoretically, it would be expected that the quality of refined oil with the use of thermal activated bleaching earth would be superior when compared to the quality of refined oil with neutral bleaching earth. The first undergoes a transformation process aimed at increasing the absorption and adsorption efficiency of certain components. However, through the results obtained it was possible to conclude that there are no significant differences in the final quality of RBD palm oil that justify the use of thermal activated bleaching earth. As such, the company can reduce costs in the bleaching stage, and hence in oil refining, by using Minclear S161 bleaching earth.
Description
Keywords
Óleo de palma Terras de branqueamento Parâmetros de qualidade Refinação de óleo de palma Palm oil Bleaching earth Quality parameters Palm oil refining