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Cognitive impairment in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy: a scoping review

2025-07-29Research article Open access
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datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorBarreira, João Vasco
dc.contributor.authorBarreira, Pedro
dc.contributor.authorFalcão, Gil
dc.contributor.authorGarcez, Daniela
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Pedro
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Gustavo
dc.contributor.authorFontes-Sousa, Mário
dc.contributor.authorMendes, José Leão
dc.contributor.authorReis, Filipa
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Carla F.
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro, Filipa
dc.contributor.authorCapelas, Manuel Luís
dc.date.accessioned2025-09-02T15:24:00Z
dc.date.available2025-09-02T15:24:00Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-29
dc.description.abstractBackground: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a primary treatment for prostate cancer (PCa) that effectively reduces androgen levels to suppress tumor progression. However, growing evidence suggests potential cognitive side effects, raising concerns about the long-term neurological consequences of this treatment. Objective: This scoping review aims to synthesize the existing evidence linking ADT to cognitive changes in men with PCa, identifying the key cognitive domains affected and outlining gaps in the existing literature. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines in CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies investigating cognitive function in ADT-treated PCa patients were included, covering randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort, case–control, and cross-sectional studies. The extracted data included the study design, evaluated cognitive characteristics, measurement tools, and overall findings. Results: A total of 22 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cognitive assessments varied across studies. While some studies reported cognitive impairments in ADT-treated patients—particularly in working, verbal, and visual memory and executive function—others found no significant effects. The variability in prostate cancer staging, epidemiological study designs, and treatment regimens; the exclusion of comorbid conditions; and the differences in assessment tools, sample sizes, and study durations hinder definitive conclusions about the cognitive effects of ADT. Conclusions: This scoping review highlights the heterogeneous and often contradictory evidence regarding ADT-associated cognitive dysfunction. While certain cognitive domains may be affected, methodological inconsistencies limit robust conclusions. Standardized cognitive assessments and longer longitudinal studies are required to clarify ADT’s role in cognitive decline. As the PCa survival rate increases with extended ADT use, integrating routine cognitive monitoring into clinical practice should be considered for PCa patients.eng
dc.identifier.citationBarreira, J. V., Barreira, P., Falcão, G., & Garcez, D. et al. (2025). Cognitive impairment in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy: a scoping review. Cancers, 17(15), Article 2501. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17152501
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/cancers17152501
dc.identifier.issn2072-6694
dc.identifier.other4f2cca64-6192-4d79-90fb-3de3a793bc15
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/54635
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectAndrogen deprivation therapy
dc.subjectCognitive impairment
dc.subjectExecutive function
dc.subjectMemory
dc.subjectProstate cancer
dc.subjectScoping review
dc.titleCognitive impairment in prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy: a scoping revieweng
dc.typeresearch article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue15
oaire.citation.titleCancers
oaire.citation.volume17
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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