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Justiça: perspectiva filosófica e bioética na esteira de Rawls
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Abstract(s)
John Rawls é hoje considerado um dos mais conceituados filósofos do direito, da segunda metade do séc. XX. Trata a justiça como tema principal das suas obras. Tendo influências sobretudo de Kant, a filosofia rawlsiana tem como método o equilíbrio reflexivo, propondo uma interpretação do seu pensamento a partir da ênfase no político restrito à estrutura básica da sociedade aos bens primários. Rawls, partindo de Kant, estabelece uma teoria da justiça social que integra, a seu modo, as liberdades civis e políticas com os direitos económicos, sociais e culturais, e concede prioridade estrutural às primeiras sobre os segundos. Tal facto caracteriza-o como representante de atitudes social-democratas. Entre o puro “liberalismo” e o puro “igualitarismo”, propõe uma doutrina intermédia, a da justiça como “equidade” (fairness).
John Rawls is considered one of the most illustrious law philosophers of the second half of the XX century. He focuses on justice as the main subject of his works. Having influence over all from Kant, the rawlsian philosophy has as method the reflexive equilibrium, considering an interpretation of its thought from the emphasis in the restricted politician to the basic structure of the society and to the primary goods. Rawls, by the influence of Kant establish a theory of social justice that integrates, in its terms, the civil and political liberties with the economic, social and cultural rights. He conceded structural priority to the first over the second. Such fact describes him as representative of social-democratic attitudes. Between the liberalism and equalitarianism, he proposes a intermediate doctrine, justice as equity (fairness).
John Rawls is considered one of the most illustrious law philosophers of the second half of the XX century. He focuses on justice as the main subject of his works. Having influence over all from Kant, the rawlsian philosophy has as method the reflexive equilibrium, considering an interpretation of its thought from the emphasis in the restricted politician to the basic structure of the society and to the primary goods. Rawls, by the influence of Kant establish a theory of social justice that integrates, in its terms, the civil and political liberties with the economic, social and cultural rights. He conceded structural priority to the first over the second. Such fact describes him as representative of social-democratic attitudes. Between the liberalism and equalitarianism, he proposes a intermediate doctrine, justice as equity (fairness).
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Keywords
Equidade Equilíbrio reflexivo Equity Justiça Justice Original position Posição original Reflexive equilibrium Sociedade Society
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Freitas, M. D. S. (2015). Justiça: perspectiva filosófica e bioética na esteira de Rawls. Revista Jurídica Luso-Brasileira, (4), 963-979.