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Cognitive colonialism and the epistemological gestell: the architecture of LLMs and the crisis of sovereignty in 2026
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This essay proposes a philosophical and geostrategic analysis of Large Language Models (LLMs) as instruments of epistemological control in 2026. Drawing on Martin Heidegger's concept of Gestell (Enframing) and Herbert Marcuse's critique of Technological Rationality, we argue that Sovereign AI constitutes a new form of "Ontological Occupation" — where control shifts from territory to the structure of reality itself. We examine how state LLMs, functioning as the institutional default for knowledge, can simultaneously represent a legitimate defense against Cognitive Colonialism and a risk of internal authoritarian drift. The analysis includes empirical evidence from China, Russia, and the European Union, demonstrating concrete implementations of AI as governance infrastructure. The paper concludes with a roadmap for Cognitive Sovereignty, emphasizing model plurality, dataset transparency, open weights, and epistemological literacy as essential defenses against the erosion of dialectical thinking.
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