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Comparative assessment of solid and dissolved lignin from grape stalks for antibacterial applications
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Introduction: The valorization of agricultural wastes through the extraction of bioactive compounds represents a promising approach in sustainable biotechnology. Among these compounds, lignin is abundant but underutilized, despite recent efforts aimed at its valorization. One of the promising characteristics of lignin is its antibacterial capacity. Therefore, this study investigated the antibacterial properties of lignin previously extracted from grape stalks using deep eutectic solvents, evaluating its efficacy in both solid and dissolved forms against three relevant bacterial strains: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Methodology: The extracted lignin was subjected to micronization and was used at 10 mg/ml. Lignin was also dissolved using Tween 80, reaching a maximum concentration of 0,34 mg/ml. The assays were conducted by mixing the bacterial inoculum (106) with lignin extracts (solid and dissolved lignin) in 24-well plates maintained under constant agitation. After 24 hours, serial dilutions were performed in 0.1% peptone water and planted on Mueller-Hinton agar to determine CFU/ml. Results: Results show that solid lignin has antibacterial activity against S. aureus but is ineffective for the other two bacterial strains. Dissolved lignin had better performance and had an antibacterial effect against all three bacteria, especially P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. These results show that lignin bioavailability is improved when dissolved, as expected. Nonetheless, it is interesting to notice that solid lignin also has some potential, namely against S. aureus. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study shows the potential of lignin extracted from grape stalks as an antibacterial agent, demonstrating enhanced efficacy in its dissolved form, while revealing a promising activity of solid lignin against S. aureus, paving the way for sustainable and versatile applications in biotechnology.
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Cassoni, A. C., Cunha, S. A., Vasconcelos, M., & Pintado, M. (2025). Comparative assessment of solid and dissolved lignin from grape stalks for antibacterial applications. Poster session presented at Dare2Change, Porto, Portugal.