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Refining bromelain extraction: procedures and precipitant effects on enzyme activity recovered from pineapple peel
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Introduction: Pineapple (Ananas comosus Merr.) is extensively used in various food products due to its widespread popularity. The residue from pineapple, which contains valuable bioactive compounds like bromelain, offers an eco-friendly approach to waste management. Bromelain (Br), a protease prevalent in pineapples, can be extracted from waste parts, using methods such as solvent precipitation and ultrafiltration. An increasingly popular and environmentally friendly method for protein concentration and purification is polyelectrolyte precipitation, which preserves protein integrity while aiding separation. Objective: This study utilized polyelectrolytic precipitation with carrageenan (Carr) to assess an efficient and sustainable method for extracting bromelain from pineapple peels. Conclusion: Changes to the extraction process did not significantly affect the bromelain specific activity of peel samples. Specific proteolytic activity increased with Process A, likely due to higher free total protein post-precipitation and other interacting components. Extracting bromelain from pineapple waste offers a sustainable solution for waste reduction and supports health-focused products, promoting a zero-waste approach in pineapple production.