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- Spiritual distress: proposing a new definition and defining characteristicsPublication . Caldeira, Sílvia; Carvalho, Emília Campos; Vieira, MargaridaObjective To identify the definition and defining characteristics (DCs) of spiritual distress (00066). Method Integrative literature review. Results Thirty-seven articles and 35 DCs were identified. Spiritual distress as a response to health problems in the context of nursing care is different from an impaired ability to experience and integrate meaning in life. Conclusions The diagnosis misses some DCs that emerged from the literature review and lacks comprehensiveness. The domain and the class are reductionist toward its meaning. The taxonomy lacks a spiritual domain to include this and other diagnoses currently dispersed in other domains. Implications for Practice Further content and clinical validation is needed, as well as an assessment, to determine the diagnosis' class and domain.
- Between spiritual wellbeing and spiritual distress: possible related factors in elderly patients with cancerPublication . Caldeira, Sílvia; Carvalho, Emília Campos de; Vieira, MargaridaObjective: this article describes the assessment of the spiritual wellbeing of elderly patients with cancer submitted to chemotherapy and possible predictive factors of the spiritual distress diagnosis. Methodology: this is a methodological study for clinical validation of a nursing diagnosis, using interviews to assist in completing the form. Results: 45 elderly patients participated in this study, Catholics, mostly female, diagnosed with breast cancer, average age of 70.3 years. The prevalence of spiritual distress was of 42%; 24.4% of the elderly patients were under anti-depressant medication. A significant association was noted between spiritual distress, anti- depressant medication and level of education; an increase (not significant) was acknowledged at the start of the treatment. Conclusion: these results emphasize the relevance of clarifying this diagnosis and the responsibility of nurses to provide spiritual care to patients. Interventions should be planned appropriately every time a nursing diagnosis is identified as a complex answer and for which pharmacological treatment is not sufficient.