Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2014-01"
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- Do growth-option firms use less relative performance evaluation?Publication . Albuquerque, Ana MariaThe use of relative performance evaluation (RPE) in compensation contracts for CEOs at growth-option (GO) firms that operate in more volatile environments can provide insurance against common exogenous shocks and thus reduce the amount of risk that CEOs face. However, the implementation of RPE for high-GO firms can be impaired by these firms' inability to find a peer group that captures common risk exposure. This paper studies GO firms' reliance on RPE and finds that the use of RPE in CEO compensation contracts varies negatively with a firm's level of growth options. The tests use three proxies for growth options: the market-to-book value of assets, research and development expenses scaled by assets, and a factor obtained from a principal component analysis. The results are robust to controlling for the impact of other firm characteristics on pay-for-performance sensitivities.
- Valorizar a dor na criança: uma reflexão voltada para a praxisPublication . Amaral-Bastos, Maria; Sousa, Carina Ferreira deIntrodução: A dor, ao ser considerada em Portugal como 5º sinal vital em 2003, obriga à sua mensuração, registo e implementação de medidas adequadas para a minimizar. Contudo, sendo um fenómeno subjectivo, a sua mensuração é difícil. Os Enfermeiros que prestam cuidados a utentes pediátricos têm na avaliação da dor um desafio acrescido. Objetivo: Descrever a forma como os Enfermeiros questionados valorizam a dor das crianças a quem prestam cuidados; confrontar a valorização da dor, expressa pelos enfermeiros questionados, com o Guia Orientador de Boa Prática (GOBP) sobre a dor, da Ordem dos Enfermeiros. Material e Métodos: Foram questionados 41 Enfermeiros da prática clínica pediátrica, sobre o significado da valorização da dor na criança e efetuada uma análise qualitativa das suas respostas, classificando-as em Unidades de Texto (UT). Resultados: Da análise das 41 respostas dadas pelos Enfermeiros emergiram 4 Categorias principais. Assim, a dor é afirmada como o Quinto Sinal Vital em 12 UT, como Reconhecimento e Cuidado Personalizado em 26 UT, como Exigência Profissional em 6 UT; e como Caminho de Excelência em 18 UT, sendo que estes conceitos estão de acordo com o GOBP. Conclusões: Concluímos que valorizar a dor da criança como 5º Sinal Vital é uma Exigência Profissional que Reconhece a criança como pessoa a quem se presta um Cuidado Personalizado de forma a que os cuidados prestados se encontrem cada vez mais no Caminho da Excelência.
- Between spiritual wellbeing and spiritual distress: possible related factors in elderly patients with cancerPublication . Caldeira, Sílvia; Carvalho, Emília Campos de; Vieira, MargaridaObjective: this article describes the assessment of the spiritual wellbeing of elderly patients with cancer submitted to chemotherapy and possible predictive factors of the spiritual distress diagnosis. Methodology: this is a methodological study for clinical validation of a nursing diagnosis, using interviews to assist in completing the form. Results: 45 elderly patients participated in this study, Catholics, mostly female, diagnosed with breast cancer, average age of 70.3 years. The prevalence of spiritual distress was of 42%; 24.4% of the elderly patients were under anti-depressant medication. A significant association was noted between spiritual distress, anti- depressant medication and level of education; an increase (not significant) was acknowledged at the start of the treatment. Conclusion: these results emphasize the relevance of clarifying this diagnosis and the responsibility of nurses to provide spiritual care to patients. Interventions should be planned appropriately every time a nursing diagnosis is identified as a complex answer and for which pharmacological treatment is not sufficient.
- Entrevista a Gianpietro MazzoleniPublication . Trapani, Gaspare AntoninoGianpietro Mazzoleni é docente de Comunicação Política e Sociologia da Comunicação na Università degli Studi de Milão e é diretor da revista Comunicazione Politica (ComPol). Membro do European Journal of Communication (Sage), da International Communication Association e do Political Communication (Taylor & Francis), Mazzoleni é autor de vários livros, entre os quais lembramos: La comunicazione politica, Politica Pop. O professor Mazzoleni tem como área de interesse a relação entre a política e os media. Participou no passado mês de outubro na conferência «Culture of Remix», na Faculdade de Ciências Humanas da Universidade Católica de Lisboa.
- Hayek's slippery slope, the stability of the mixed economy and the dynamics of rent seekingPublication . Alves, André Azevedo; Meadowcroft, JohnF. A. Hayek's The Road to Serfdom continues to provoke intense scholarly debate focused on the validity of Hayek's central claim that a mixed economy is inherently unstable and economic intervention will inexorably lead to totalitarianism if pursued for a sustained period. This article presents empirical evidence which shows conclusively that it is the mixed economy that has proved remarkably stable, whereas laissez-faire and totalitarian regimes have proved inherently unstable. It is argued that this empirical outcome can be explained by the dynamics of rent seeking and Hayek's failure to anticipate that the state could control more than half of national income without requiring a totalitarian apparatus to control and direct production and consumption. The implications of the failure of Hayek's argument for our conceptualisation of freedom and power in the context of the modern democratic state and our understanding of the relationship between economic and political freedom are considered.
- Is the second screen becoming the first? An exploratory study of emerging multi-screening practicesPublication . Dias, Patrícia; Teixeira-Botelho, InêsThe proliferation of mobile devices with internet access, along with increasing rates of adoption of smartphones and tablets, are resulting in the emergence of new use practices, among which simultaneous activities in different screened-devices. This paper discusses the concept of 'second screening', usually referring to using the mobile phone while watching television and suggesting that the TV is the main focus of attention, advocating 'multi-screening' instead, as there are several different binomials of simultaneous activities in screened-media, most of which involve the smartphone as the preponderant medium, and that may be simultaneous, sequential or alternate. Triangulating results from an online survey to multi-screeners and from interviews to relevant industry stakeholders, our research identifies emerging multi-screening practices, the motivations behind them, and the preponderance of smartphones as the most engaging medium. This paper results from the first stage of an ongoing project on multi-screening that aims to explore new business models and offers related both to platforms and to content, trying to match the industry's offers to the users' needs, preferences and expectations.
- A fé cristã entre a razão e a emoção. Mais além de uma aparente oposiçãoPublication . Angélico, José PedroEn el marco de la teología fundamental, esta breve reflexión intenta situar la teología de la fe en una articulación más relacional que cognitiva. Lo que implicará, en definitiva, que la tradicional oposición dualista que corona muchas de las teologías de la fe quizás ya no sea ni será válida, de acuerdo con la comprensión bíblico-teológica de Dios, de la humanidad, del mundo, y de sus relaciones. Respecto a la fe, ni el romanticismo exacerbado del sentimiento religioso ni el racionalismo cerrado de una religiosidad que apenas admite la posibilidad del misterio dicen con justicia lo que ella significa. La fe se encuentra más allá y más acá de la razón y de la emoción, por lo que su oposición no sería más que aparente.
- Democracy at work: pressure and propaganda pressure and propaganda in Portugal and BrazilPublication . Figueiras, Rita; Santo, Paula Espírito; Cunha, Isabel FerinDemocracy at Work: Pressure and Propaganda in Portugal and Brazil addresses democracy both as an institutional value system and as a practice. How are the media exerting their mediation role? How are the media re-(a)presenting the political world to society? Are different media voices offering diversified and complementary perspectives on politics? How is propaganda perceived within different democratic and economic contexts? Is political trust and mistrust shaping the strategy of propaganda? These questions are addressed in theoretical and empirical chapters in a book that addresses problems which are in need of urgent discussion, as their impact and consequences are deeply transforming politics and the way politics is communicated, lived and understood by its main actors. Within this framework, Political Communication Studies has a major role in identifying and urging new diagnosis of, and insights into, the political and the media systems, and, above all, how both the people and political institutions can both survive crisis and improve democracy in the Lusophone world. This book aims at making a contribution to that acknowledgment.
- Cérebro e bilinguismo: pontes e pontos de encontroPublication . Mineiro, Ana; Moita, MaraO Bilinguismo é no senso comum, definido como a capacidade de comunicar em duas línguas de forma proficiente. No entanto, os estudos interdisciplinares direcionados a esta capacidade e a todo o seu conhecimento evidenciam que são diversas as variáveis que tornam o conceito de bilinguismo flutuante. Neste artigo iremos explorar, ainda que brevemente, algumas destas variáveis interrelacionando o cérebro no bilinguismo.
- Adaptation and validation of the Inventory of Family Protective Factors for the Portuguese culturePublication . Augusto, Cláudia Cristina Vieira Carvalho de Oliveira Ferreira; Araújo, Beatriz Rodrigues; Rodrigues, Vítor Manuel Costa Pereira; Figueiredo, Maria do Céu Aguiar Barbieri deObjectives: to adapt and validate the Inventory of Family Protective Factors (IFPF) for the Portuguese culture. This instrument assesses protective factors that contribute to family resilience. Studies addressing resilience are embedded within the salutogenic paradigm, i.e. it addresses protective factors of individuals or groups without underestimating risk factors or vulnerability. Method: in order to assess the IFPF’s linguistic and conceptual equivalence, the instrument was translated, retro-translated and the think-aloud protocol was used. We then verified the instrument’s sensitiveness, reliability and validity of results to assess its psychometric characteristics. A factor analysis was performed of the principal components with varimax rotation of the scale’s items and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated for each dimension. A total of 85 families with disabled children, selected through simple random sampling, selfadministered the instrument. Results: the IFPF presents psychometric characteristics that are appropriate for the Portuguese population (Cronbach’s alpha = .90). Conclusion: the IFPF was adapted and validated for the Portuguese culture and is an instrument to be used in studies intended to assess protective factors of family resilience.