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- Quantitative analysis of PIN choices: a contribution to the establishment of authentication requirementsPublication . Carvalho, José Carlos; Sá, Vítor; Magalhães, Maria José; Magalhães, Sérgio Tenreiro deThe authentication using a PIN number remains one of the most used ways to enter a system (mobile phone, ATM, etc.). Many people seem to dislike this form of authentication because they simply despise their use, placing unsafe PINs just because they have to put some. Some relevant results are the combination 1234, thecombinations using only one digit (example: 1111), or the central line of the numerical keypad. On the other hand there is some understanding because it is proven that remember strong passwords is a difficult task for humans, and the tendency is to choose the simplest ones. This research had a sample of 497 participants and aimed to understand the preferred choice of the participants in relation to the number of digits used for a PIN number (a choice between four and/or six digits) and realized the amount of times that each of the available digits was used. To this end it was developed a web-based tool for entering the data. This application was intended only to the data collection process, being the information processed further. Through this application, the user was asked to enter four and/or six-digit PINs. The method does not raise any doubt on the participants, which were informed about the anonymity and confidentiality of the data, and never they were asked to identify themselves. Participants were asked to use the PINs that they normally use in other contexts. With the analysis of the data it was possible to understand the distribution of digits per position in a PIN, check which digits is more/less used in each position, and check which digit is more/less used regardless of its position. Among the conclusions it appears that the layout of the numeric keypad of the system influence the PIN choice.
- Enrolment time as a requirement for face recognition biometric systemsPublication . Sá, Vítor; Magalhães, Sérgio; Santos, HenriqueThe performance of a biometric system depends on the accuracy, the processing speed, the template size, and the time necessary for enrolment. This last factor is not much addressed in literature. In this work we collected information about the users' availability for enrolment in respect to face recognition biometrics. Were involved in testing 26 randomly chosen people. The results are presented globally, by sex, by age group and by previous experience in the use of the technology. We found that there is a generalized positive predisposition for enrolment that is expressed in some by the predisposition to try for many times and in others to try over a long time, and that it may be the youngest and the oldest the least available.