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- Validation of the comprehensiveness of an instrument on ethical problems in primary carePublication . Junges, José Roque; Zóboli, Elma Lourdes Campos Pavone; Schaefer, Rafaela; Nora, Carlise Rigon Dalla; Basso, MikaelaThe study aimed to validate the comprehensiveness of an instrument on the occurrence of ethical problems in primary health care and discuss their results. This is a methodological research. The technique used was Delphi, which seeks to obtain a consensus on a subject by experts, using structured questionnaires that are modified to obtain consensus on the comprehensibility of content. The sample was composed by nine professionals with expertise in primary health care in São Leopoldo. Data collection was in March and April 2011. In the first round, the professional was asked to respond whether the described situation has represented an ethical problem, whether the statement was clear and whether there was any suggestion to rewriting the problem. Were presented thirty-six statements, and to twenty was suggested new rewrite. After the review and systematization the proposed amendments, has begun the second round to seek consensus among all the statements that its writing had changed. In the second round, the consensus required by the method was obtained. Using the method supported significantly to build the instrument in its initial stage, what makes it appropriated and comprehensive for the subsequent steps of the validation.
- Nursing practices in the primary health care context: a scoping reviewPublication . Barbiani, Rosangela; Nora, Carlise Rigon Dalla; Schaefer, RafaelaObjective: to identify and categorize the practices performed by nurses working in Primary Health Care and Family Health Strategy Units in light of responsibilities established by the profession’s legal and programmatic frameworks and by the Brazilian Unified Health System. Method: a scoping review was conducted in the following databases: LILACS, IBECS, BDENF, CINAHL and MEDLINE, and the Cochrane and SciELO libraries. Original research papers written by nurses addressing nursing practices in the primary health care context were included. Results: the review comprised 30 studies published between 2005 and 2014. Three categories emerged from the analysis: practices in the service; practices in the community; and management and education practices. Conclusion: the challenges faced by nurses are complex, as care should be centered on the population’s health needs, which requires actions at other levels of clinical and health responsibility. Brazilian nursing has achieved important advancements since the implementation of policies intended to reorganize work. There is, however, a need to shift work processes from being focused on individual procedures to being focused on patients so that an enlarged clinic is the ethical-political imperative guiding the organization of services and professional intervention.
- Ethical problems experienced by nurses in primary health care: integrative literature reviewPublication . Nora, Carlise Rigon Dalla; Zoboli, Elma Lourdes Campos Pavone Zoboli; Vieira, MargaridaEste estudo tem como objetivo identificar problemas éticos evidenciados por enfermeiros da atenção primária e recursos de enfrentamento a partir de publicações sobre a temática. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura entre os meses de outubro e novembro de 2013, nas bases: BDTD, CINAHL, LILACS, MEDLINE, Biblioteca Cochrane, PubMed, RCAAP e SciELO. Foram incluídos artigos, dissertações e teses publicados em inglês, espanhol e português, no período de 1992 a 2013, totalizando 31 estudos. Da análise resultaram quatro categorias: problemas éticos na relação entre a equipe, problemas éticos na relação com o usuário, problemas éticos na gestão dos serviços de saúde e os recursos de enfrentamento dos problemas éticos. Conclui-se que os enfermeiros precisam ser preparados para enfrentar os problemas éticos, evidenciando-se a importância da formação em ética durante o processo educativo, antes e durante a prática profissional, proporcionando o desenvolvimento de sensibilidade e competência ética para a resolução desses problemas.