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- Influence of L-cysteine, oxygen and relative humidity upon survival throughout storage of probiotic bacteria in whey protein-based microcapsulesPublication . Rodrigues, D.; Sousa, Sérgio; Santos, Nathália Baptista T.; Silva, J.P.; Lobo, J. M. Sousa; Costa, P; Amaral, Gustavo Henrique De Oliveira; Pintado, M.M.E; Gomes, Ana Maria; Malcata, F. Xavier; Freitas, Ana CThe survival rates of Lactobacilus acidophilus Ki, Lactobacillus paracasei L26 and Bifidobacterium animalis BB-12 were studied after whey protein microencapsulation via spray-drying, with or without L-cysteine-HCl, and storage up to 6 months at 5 degrees C and 22 degrees C, with variation in relative air humidity and oxygen levels. Lb. paracasei L26 was the least susceptible to storage conditions: above 10(6) cfu g(-1) were recorded by 180 d at 22 degrees C, irrespective of relative humidity, and the presence/absence of oxygen and L-cysteine. Higher relative humidity, higher temperature and longer storage periods were deleterious to survival of both B. animalis BB-12 and Lb. acidophilus Ki; the effect of L-cysteine-HCl was dependent on the probiotic strain. The effect of overhead oxygen was not significant upon any probiotic strain studied. Whey protein microcapsules containing L-cysteine-HCl protected probiotic cultures from simulated gastrointestinal conditions.
- On the viability of five probiotic strains when immobilized on various polymersPublication . Rodrigues, Dina; Rocha-Santos, Teresa; Sousa, Sérgio; Gomes, Ana M; Pintado, M. E.; Malcata, F. Xavier; Lobo, José M. Sousa; Silva, José P.; Costa, Paulo; Amaral, Maria H.; Freitas, Ana C.The viability of probiotic bacteria in six food-grade polymers, at two concentrations, was evaluated in order to predict their feasibility as materials for bacterium immobilisation. Alginate and whey proteins were the most adequate polymers, except for Lactobacillus acidophilus Ki and Lactobacillus casei 01 at 2% (m/v) alginate. Xanthan gum appeared to be a potential vector for three strains. L-carrageenan was adequate for both Bifidobacterium strains, but not for Lactobacillus at 2% (m/v). Bifidobacterium strains were not negatively affected by cellulose acetate phthalate, while the opposite held for L. acidophilus strains. Chitosan was the poorest polymer for immobilisation of probiotic bacteria.