CBQF - Contribuições em Revistas Científicas / Contribution to Journals
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- Enhancing maize growth and reducing irrigation needs with extracellular polymeric substances and microbial inoculantsPublication . Overall, Alexandra; Moreira, Helena; Sousa, Ana S. S.; Wilfert, Philipp; Loosdrecht, Mark van; Castro, Paula M. L.; Pereira, Sofia I. A.Soil amendments and microbial inoculants can affect plant growth, water retention, and crop resilience. This study investigated the effects of two amendments, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and biochar, with and without bacterial inoculation, on maize (Zea mays) growth, irrigation needs, and physiological responses. Maize was cultivated in soil with 2.5 % and 5 % (w/w) of wet EPS (Kaumera®) or biochar and inoculated with a bacterial consortium consisting of Arthrobacter nicotinovorans EAPPA and Rhodococcus sp. EC35. EPS-treated plants exhibited significantly higher shoot biomass, larger stem thickness, while soil plant analysis development (SPAD) values suggest improved nutrient availability and photosynthetic efficiency. In non-inoculated plants, EPS supplementation increased shoot dry biomass by 78 % and stem thickness by 9 % compared to control plants grown without amendments. This enhancement strongly correlated with nutrient uptake, especially in plants supplemented with 5 % of EPS. Particularly, Mg and Ca concentrations increased by 195 % and 73 %, respectively, compared to non-amended controls. Inoculation further amplified these benefits, underscoring its key role in plant development and resilience. In contrast, biochar-treated plants exhibited reduced growth, suggesting stress effects at the tested addition doses. Electrolyte leakage, a key indicator of plant stress, was significantly lower in soils amended with EPS, suggesting that EPS provides a protective effect to the plants. EPS also demonstrated remarkable water retention benefits, reducing irrigation requirements by 30 % with 5 % of EPS application, compared to 9 % reduction with biochar. The use of EPS, combined with microbial inoculants, represents a sustainable agricultural strategy for optimizing maize production in water-limited environments.
- The impact of climate change-induced abiotic stresses on the nutritional quality of legume seedsPublication . Machado, Joana; Silva, Marta Nunes da; Vasconcelos, Marta W.; Santos, Carla S.Legumes are integral to agricultural sustainability, offering multifaceted benefits ranging from enhanced yields to companion crops and improved soil health. Despite their recognized advantages, challenges such as technological lock-ins, limited breeding resources, and adverse environmental conditions pose threats to their cultivation. In this review, the complex interaction between climate change stressors, specifically drought, high temperatures, and elevated CO 2 levels, and their individual and combined impacts on the nutritional quality of legumes will be discussed. This topic has not been thoroughly reviewed across multiple legume crops despite its importance under climate change. Here, we critically examine the impacts of environmental stresses on the nutritional quality of legume seeds and explore the underlying regulatory mechanisms, encompassing protein, amino acids, minerals, carbohydrates, lipids, and bioactive compounds. Key insights indicate a general need to shift legume cultivation practices, and the necessity of field studies beyond controlled environments for results that are more readily translated to the target population of environments for legume cultivation.
- Insect-based dinner products for meat substitution in ordinary diets: developing the quality criteria and experimental products for consumer interventionsPublication . Maya, C.; Flore, R.; Sun, Y.; Costa, A. I. A.; Cunha, L. M.; Rocha, C.; Monteiro, M. J. P.; Osimani, A.; Aquilanti, L.; Borght, M. Van Der; Vandeweyer, D.; Chiriac, I. E.; Peters, M.; Rukov, J.; Roos, N.The growing environmental impact of livestock farming has emphasised the need for more sustainable diets with lower meat consumption, identifying insects as a potential alternative protein source. The Sustainable Insect Chain (SUSINCHAIN) project aimed to incorporate six new insect protein products into regular dinner meals, aiming to replace 20% of meat protein through a six-week dietary intervention in Denmark and Portugal, namely a randomised controlled study targeting families with children and young and childless couples respectively. This paper presents the process undertaken by project partners to develop the specifications and establish the quality criteria for the six study products. Quality criteria focused on the immediate appeal and sensory properties of edible insects as food ingredients, particularly taste, texture, and appearance to promote acceptability. Initial sensory evaluations of product prototypes provided essential feedback for improvement. The development of insect-based food products, including those mimicking traditional meat products, highlighted the significance of sensory quality and consumer perception in product acceptance. Non-meat mimicking items had high sensory appeal, but were not perceived as meat replacements, typically being later added as side dishes or supplements by intervention participants. Balancing insect protein content with sensory appeal presented challenges, highlighting the need to consider portion sizes and presentation. Overall, animal meat protein replacement in dinner meals using insect-based foods requires an integrated approach that combines innovative product development, ongoing quality assessments, and a deep understanding of consumer preferences, crucial for market acceptance and adoption.
- Will climate change impact on nutrient, micronutrient and bioactive bioavailability?Publication . Reboul, Emmanuelle; Gomes, Ana M.; Petroni, Katia; Riso, Patrizia; Toccaceli, Marta; Vila-Real, Catarina; Martins, Ana P.; Dupont, Didier; Del Bo, Cristian; Martini, Daniela; Marino, Mirko; Dupont, DidierClimate change is projected to profoundly affect global food systems, directly altering food availability and composition and, as a result, nutritional outcomes. Modifications to the composition and properties of food matrices may, in turn, influence the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of food compounds. This can lead to changes in the bioavailability of macronutrients, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds. Additionally, strategies implemented to mitigate climate change, such as transitioning to green food processing methods or modifying diets, may also affect the content and bioavailability of (micro)nutrients in foods. In this review, we will discuss, for the first time, the direct and indirect relationships between climate change and the bioavailability of selected food compounds: proteins, fat-soluble micronutrients, minerals, phenolic compounds, and glucosinolates.