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- A admissibilidade do direito premial em Portugal, em especial no crime de corrupçãoPublication . Antunes, Maria Pacheco Vaz; Rodrigues, Joana Amaral CaboucoO descontentamento e a inquietação da sociedade perante a justiça penal em Portugal tem crescido, dia após dia. Paralelamente, devido ao aumento do mediatismo dos casos de corrupção, surgem temas, mecanismos e soluções que visam um processo de investigação mais célere e eficaz. Na Estratégia Nacional de Combate à Corrupção houve a aposta e o investimento no mecanismo da colaboração premiada, com a alteração do artigo 374.º-B do Código Penal, passando este a consagrar mais oportunidades para o suspeito ou arguido colaborar com a investigação e receber, em troca, benefícios mais atrativos. Pelo exposto, cumpre a presente dissertação abordar e analisar o instituto da colaboração premiada, em especial para o crime de corrupção, tentando descortinar a sua compatibilização e harmonia com alguns princípios estruturais democráticos e tendo como finalidade compreender se é, efetivamente, a solução mais adequada tendo em conta a realidade atual.
- A conservação e o acesso a metadados para fins de investigação criminalPublication . Costa, Flávia Fidalgo Torres da; Salinas, Henrique João Martins GomesIn today's digital context, where the line between the physical and digital world is becoming increasingly blurred, traditional procedural tools are not adequate to fight serious crime. Access to metadata, provided by its retention, has therefore emerged as a means of acquiring evidence adapted to the current reality and essential for investigating certain crimes. However, since this means of obtaining proof restricts important fundamental rights, the search for a balance between the State's duty to guarantee security and the necessary protection of the rights being restricted is crucial. The question is to understand to what extent the restriction of rights, freedoms and guarantees of a certain group of citizens is tolerable in the name of a constitutionally protected value, such as security, which affects the entire community.
- Solução ou ilusão : a relação entre a «impecuniosidade» superveniente e o third-party fundingPublication . Baptista, Mariana Lopes Diniz; Duarte, Rui Manuel PintoSupervening impecuniosity occurs when one of the parties, after concluding an arbitration agreement, faces financial difficulties that prevent it from paying for the constitution and functioning of the arbitral tribunal. This situation creates a conflict between two fundamental principles: on the one hand, the impecunious party's right to effective judicial protection; on the other hand, the counterparty's right to see the arbitration agreement enforced. Third-party funding is a possible solution, as it allows third parties to finance the costs of the arbitration process. However, this practice, although potentially beneficial, presents challenges, such as the selectivity of funders, the impact on the impartiality and independence of arbitrators or the asymmetry between claimants and defendants in access to funding. This dissertation analyses the relationship between impecuniosity and third-party funding, assessing whether it is a viable alternative to guarantee access to arbitration or whether, despite mitigating economic incapacity, it introduces new challenges that are difficult to resolve.
- WEFE nexus unveiled: a comprehensive review of monitoring and modelling methods in the water-energy-food-ecosystems nexusPublication . Vrachioli, Maria; Mellios, Nikos; Alp, Emre; Borchard, Nils; Calheiros, Cristina Sousa Coutinho; Castelli, Giulio; Coletta, Virginia Rosa; Carvalho, Pedro N.; Dominguez-Soberanes, Julieta; Fader, Marianela; Giordano, Raffaele; Madrid-Lopez, Cristina; Oral, Hasan Volkan; Papadopoulou, Chrysaida-Aliki; Papadopoulou, Maria; Pereira, Sofia I. A.; Pineda-Martos, Rocio; StepisnikPerdih, Tadej; Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia, Lydia; Ziliaskopoulos, Konstantinos; Adamos, Giannis; Brouwer, Floor; Laspidou, ChrysiSustainable resource management in the face of climate change is a pressing challenge for our society. This paper delves into the water-energy-food-ecosystems (WEFE) nexus, a scientific framework that supports the integrated assessment and management of the interconnected resources. Shifting from sectoral to cross-sectoral and transdisciplinary perspectives, the WEFE nexus addresses interdependencies and interactions among water, energy, food, ecosystems, and climate. This paper focuses on the extended nexus, incorporating ecosystems as a fourth pillar, underscoring the importance of considering ecosystems on an equal footing with water, energy, and food sectors. In addition, the paper emphasizes the significance of monitoring and modelling techniques, laying the foundations for understanding the nexus complexities and assessing uncertainty. The paper offers an overview of integrated nexus modelling, system analysis and socio-economic modelling, bridging the gap between nexus science and practice. It highlights the role of multifaceted stakeholder engagement methods, policy assessment, and institutional analysis in nexus models. Quantifying the nexus through indicators, and its alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals, EU Green Deal, and EU Blue Deal are also key focal points. Finally, the last part of the paper addresses challenges in existing nexus modelling attempts, advocates for the integration of transdisciplinary information, and presents lessons learned. The paper concludes with recommendations for the future of the WEFE nexus, emphasizing its potential in fostering transformative change toward sustainable resource management and inclusive policymaking.
- Intestinal mucosal alterations parallel central demyelination and remyelination: insights into the gut-brain axis in the cuprizone model of multiple sclerosisPublication . Ferreira, Carolina; Carvalho, Filipa; Vieira, Pedro; Alves, André; Palavra, Filipe; Almeida, Jani; Alves, Vera; Coscueta, Ezequiel; Pereira, Patrícia Dias; Pintado, Manuela; Sá, Helena; Castelo-Branco, Miguel; Reis, Flávio; Viana, SofiaBackground: The gut-brain axis has been increasingly recognized as a critical factor in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology. While its role in demyelination is well documented, gut-brain axis involvement during remyelination remains largely unexplored. Methods: Using the cuprizone (CPZ) model, which induces reversible demyelination and spontaneous remyelination upon toxin withdrawal, we investigated gut and brain changes during both disease stages in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were administered 0.2% cuprizone for 5 weeks to induce demyelination, followed by a 2-week recovery phase. Intestinal changes were evaluated through 1) gut microbiota profiling and metabolite production (short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), indoxyl sulfate), 2) structural and barrier integrity via histology, mucus staining, and tight junction markers (ZO-1, occludin, claudin-5), 3) mucosal immunity through M1/M2 macrophage profiling and Th17/Treg ratios, and 4) expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Differences in brain demyelination/remyelination, gliosis and related molecular changes were determined using immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: The demyelination peak was characterized by reduced abundance of SCFA-producing genus Akkermansia and Dubosiella, increased intestinal permeability at the level of the mucus layer and tight junction networks, and shifts in mucosal immunity toward a pro-inflammatory state characterized by M1 macrophages and Th17 cell expansion together with elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-17, IL-1?) and changes in oxidative stress-related enzymes (iNOS, HO-1, SOD1/2), all of which were partially reversed during the remyelination phase. Centrally, cuprizone-induced demyelination/remyelination and gliosis showed region-specific patterns. Neuroinflammation peaked during demyelination (TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-6, IL-17) and only partially resolved, suggesting that a balanced inflammatory response may aid remyelination. Conclusion: Our findings reveal that cuprizone-induced intestinal dysfunctions temporally parallel central nervous system (CNS) lesion dynamics, disclosing temporal coordination of both compartments and highlighting gut-brain axis impact on both disease stages.
- Antimicrobial potential of bioactive resin composites in caries management: a systematic review of in vitro studiesPublication . Lopes, Sara; Lopes, Pedro C.; Fidalgo-Pereira, Rita; Flores-Fraile, Javier; Veiga, Nélio; Gomes, Ana T. P. C.Introduction: Secondary caries is the leading cause of failure in resin composite restorations due to biofilm accumulation. Bioactive resin composites (BRCs) release ions that promote remineralization and inhibit bacterial growth. This review compares microbial adhesion and antimicrobial effectiveness between BRCs and conventional resin composites. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in databases PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library to identify in vitro studies evaluating bacterial adhesion and antimicrobial effect of commercially available bioactive resin composites and their comparison with conventional resin composites. Studies reporting on microbial adhesion and/or antimicrobial effects were included. Results: A total of 272 potentially relevant articles were identified. Following PRISMA guidelines, eight articles met the inclusion criteria. The studies focused on five commercially available BRCs: Activa Bioactive Restorative (ACT), Beautifil II (BE), Cention N (CN), Equia Forte (EF), and SDR Flow Plus. Most studies assessed the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans in isolation. While microbial adhesion was observed on both bioactive and conventional resin composites, cell viability differed, with BRCs demonstrating superior antimicrobial effects. Conclusion: Bacterial adhesion to dental restorative materials is influenced by surface roughness, hydrophilicity, chemical composition, and ion release. This review suggests that BRCs and conventional resin composites exhibit similar surface characteristics, resulting in comparable bacterial adhesion. However, BRCs show greater efficacy in reducing bacterial viability, probably due to ion release, which modulates the local microenvironment and microbial dynamics. Further research is needed to explore the broader impact of ion release on the oral microbiome and its potential role in dysbiosis and disease progression.
- GenoPheno4Trait Project: genomic and phenotypic traits contributing to persistence of Listeria monocytogenes in food processing environmentPublication . Magalhães, Rui; Noronha, Lucia; Sousa, Ana; Teixeira, PaulaObjective: Improve food safety and decrease food waste by reducing food contamination with Listeria monocytogenes securing a sufficient supply. L. monocytogenes: a foodborne pathogen responsible for listeriosis. Listeriosis can lead to: abortion, premature stillbirth, septicemia, meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess, endocarditis and death.
- A direção artística da Casa da Música : gestão de agrupamentos residentesPublication . Minczuk, Eduardo; Costa, Bruno Filipe de AzevedoO presente relatório resulta do estágio curricular realizado na Casa da Música, no Porto, entre novembro de 2024 e abril de 2025, no âmbito do Mestrado em Gestão de Indústrias Criativas. A Casa da Música, único Concert Hall construído de raiz em Portugal, é uma das mais importantes instituições culturais do país, destacando-se pelo seu compromisso com a excelência artística, inovação programática e formação de públicos. O estágio teve como foco o acompanhamento direto das atividades dos agrupamentos residentes Remix Ensemble e Orquestra Barroca Casa da Música, com envolvimento nas várias etapas da produção artística. A investigação desenvolvida permitiu analisar, a partir de uma perspetiva prática e crítica, o funcionamento interno da instituição e os principais desafios enfrentados na sua gestão. Foram abordados temas como a sustentabilidade financeira, os modelos de contratação dos músicos, as condições acústicas das salas, a comunicação institucional, a programação artística e o papel estratégico das equipas técnicas. A reflexão inclui ainda considerações sobre a disparidade contratual entre os agrupamentos residentes e a subvalorização da música de câmara na programação regular da Casa da Música. O relatório foi complementado por entrevistas com os diretores artísticos António Jorge Pacheco e François Bou, cujas visões, embora distintas, revelam uma preocupação comum com a missão pública da Casa da Música, a valorização da arte como ferramenta de cidadania e a necessidade de renovação estratégica. O cruzamento entre a observação prática e os testemunhos recolhidos permitiu uma análise abrangente do modelo institucional da Casa da Música. Conclui-se que, apesar de enfrentar limitações estruturais, a Casa da Música detém um potencial singular no contexto europeu. A sua consolidação enquanto referência internacional exige o reforço da comunicação estratégica, a captação de novos públicos e mecenas, bem como o reconhecimento institucional do valor artístico e humano dos seus agrupamentos e equipas.
- Transformação digital na saúde : determinantes da partilha digital de dados de saúde em PortugalPublication . Costa, Gonçalo Nuno Moreira Borges da; Julião, Jorge Manuel SoaresEste estudo teve como objetivo investigar até que ponto os pacientes portugueses estão dispostos a disponibilizar dados de saúde em tempo real para receber feedback e alterar comportamentos de saúde. A partir de uma metodologia quantitativa e de um inquérito digital (n=216), testaram-se cinco hipóteses, referentes a apreensões com a segurança e privacidade, discrepâncias geracionais, existência de patologias crónicas e frequência do uso de tecnologias digitais. Neste sentido, utilizou-se o software IBM SPSS Statistics para a realização de testes estatísticos, como correlações, ANOVAs e testes t. Inesperadamente, verificou-se que as preocupações de segurança e privacidade dos utentes têm uma associação positiva com a divulgação de informações, o que se pode explicar, à luz do “paradoxo da privacidade”. Embora a idade não tenha emergido como preponderante, os inquiridos de menor escalão etário evidenciaram maior abertura à partilha digital de dados de saúde. A presença de condições crónicas não parece ser um fator determinante para a partilha, sendo o juízo próprio do estado de saúde um aspeto mais determinante. Em contrapartida, constatou-se que a utilização contínua de tecnologias digitais de saúde de monitorização é favorável à predisposição para a transmissão de dados. Apesar das limitações metodológicas, os achados sugerem que há condições favoráveis à digitalização da saúde, desde que se invista em segurança, formação e inclusão tecnológica.
- Listeria monocytogenes persister cells formation triggered upon antimicrobial exposurePublication . Sousa, Pedro; Calvinho, Rita; Marques, Rafaela; Pereira, Francisca; Magalhães, Rui; Teixeira, PaulaPersister cells are a sub-population of growth-arrested bacteria with ability to transiently tolerate bactericidal levels of antimicrobial agents. While they do not replicate in the presence of these agents, they can persist during the exposure and later restore to an active, growing state under favorable conditions. This ability may contribute to the persistence of foodborne pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes, within food and feed production environments (FFPE). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the formation of persister cells in two L. monocytogenes strains isolated from a dairy food production environment, previously characterized as persistent (Lm 2116) and non-persistent (Lm 1712). Both strains were exposed to high concentrations of gentamicin and nisin for 2, 4, and 6 hours. The results revealed a biphasic killing curve for both strains, a fundamental characteristic of persister cells, with a substantial reduction of the susceptible population at the earliest time point, followed by stabilization and selection of the persister bacterial sub-population over the 6-hour incubation period. These findings demonstrate that both antimicrobial agents, which operate through distinct mechanisms, can be successfully used to select L. monocytogenes persister cells from isolates derived from food industrial environments. This selection methodology may open new paths for research into persister cells and contribute to a better understanding of the adaptive phenotypic traits that enable certain strains to persist in FFPE, in comparison to non-persistent ones.