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- Flavonoid-rich extracts from lemon and orange by-products: microencapsulation and application in functional cookiesPublication . Dellapina, Giovanna; Poli, Giovanna; Moscatelli, Vanna; Magalhães, Daniela; Vilas-Boas, Ana A.; Pintado, ManuelaCitrus by-products are increasingly recognized as a valuable source of bioactive compounds (BCs), particularly flavonoids. Their incorporation into food matrices as functional ingredients aligns with sustainability goals and consumer demand for health-promoting products. However, challenges such as poor stability and undesirable sensory properties limit their direct use in food systems. This study aimed to develop and evaluate functional cookies enriched with microencapsulated flavonoid-rich extracts derived from lemon and orange peels. Flavonoids were extracted with hydroethanolic solvent and characterized by HPLC-DAD. The extracts exhibited high total flavonoid contents: 1960.1 mg/L for orange and 845.7 mg/L for lemon. The extracts were encapsulated using a 1% sodium alginate and 1.36% corn starch blend, producing thermally stable microbeads with flavonoid retention higher than 85% after heating at 230 °C for 30 min. These microbeads were incorporated into gluten-free oat and buckwheat cookies, delivering 166.11 mg/100 g (orange) and 177.13 mg/100 g (lemon) of flavonoids in the product, which covers approximately one-third of the recommended daily intake. Sensory analysis using triangle tests (ISO 4120) (n = 23) showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) between control and enriched cookies, indicating successful masking of potential bitterness or astringency associated with flavonoids. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of microencapsulation in protecting citrus flavonoid-rich extracts and support the development of sustainable, health-oriented bakery products. Moreover, this approach promotes the valorization of agro-industrial by-products, contributing to a more circular food supply chain.
- A Theologia Crucis : à luz da obra Mysterium Paschale de Hans Urs von BalthasarPublication . Luca, Francesco de; Palma, Alexandre Coutinho Lopes de BritoThis dissertation investigates the theological and spiritual relevance of the theologia crucis in light of Hans Urs von Balthasar’s masterpiece, Mysterium Paschale. Starting from the paradox between human suffering and divine revelation, the study aims to understand how the cross can constitute a legitimate place of knowledge of God. The first part analyzes the historical, theological, and spiritual foundations of the theologia crucis in the Protestant and Catholic traditions. The second part, the central point of our study, focuses on Balthasar’s theological synthesis, highlighting the cross as the ultimate revelation of Trinitarian love. The author emphasizes the centrality of the Holy Saturday and divine kenosis as an expression of God’s solidarity with the world. Finally, the ecclesiological dimension of this theology is explored, where the Church is understood as an extension of the Paschal Mystery. The dissertation thus proposes a theology deeply rooted in spirituality, in which the cross is simultaneously a place of abandonment and revelation, suffering and glory.
- Translation, cultural, adaptation and content validity of the DecubICUs-test: preliminary resultsPublication . Vieira, Sofia; Alves, Paulo; Mostardinha, AntónioIntroduction: Nurses play a crucial role in preventing pressure ulcers, but challenges like heavy workloads and insufficient knowledge often hinder effective care. A 2022 study revealed that over half of ICU nurses lacked adequate knowledge on pressure ulcer prevention. To address this gap, the DecubICUs-test was translated, culturally adapted, and validated for Portuguese ICU nurses. This initiative aims to accurately assess their knowledge, pinpoint educational deficiencies, and support the development of evidence-based training strategies.