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- Trends in spirituality and spiritual care in nursing - a discursive paperPublication . Timmins, Fiona; Attard, Josephine; Dobrowolska, Beata; Connolly, Michael; Caldeira, Sílvia; Parissopoulos, Stelios; De Luca, Enrico; Whelan, JacquelineAim This paper outlines key developments, innovations, and milestones in the field of spirituality and spiritual care in nursing. Design A discursive paper. Results Nursing scholars have significantly influenced the profession and contributed to the development of nursing knowledge, particularly in the field of spirituality and spiritual care. Key research has focused on nurses' perceptions and attitudes toward spirituality, clarifying foundational spiritual concepts, and establishing a framework of core spiritual care competencies for the profession. Conclusion Despite these advancements, significant gaps remain in nurses' knowledge, understanding, and experience in providing spiritual care. The development of agreed-upon spiritual care competencies at the European level offers important guidance for the profession, and educational initiatives are underway to support their integration. However, the field remains in an early stage of development, and further research is needed to embed spiritual care competencies into national and international nursing policy and practice. Moreover, continued research is also essential to inform and evaluate current educational programmes and nursing interventions, and to support the translation of evidence-based knowledge into effective spiritual care delivery. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care Spiritual support is proven to be an important consideration for many patients and families globally. Imbedding spiritual care education into both undergraduate and postgraduate nursing curricula is essential to prepare nurses to address the spiritual needs of patients in healthcare settings. Structured curricula that provide clear instructions on how to recognise, assess, and respond to spiritual concerns in clinical practice can enhance nurses' competence and confidence. Embedding spiritual care into education and training helps normalise spiritual care as a component of holistic nursing, supporting its inclusion in everyday care rather than treating it as an optional or marginal practice. Such educational integration has the potential to improve the consistency and quality of spiritual care across healthcare settings. Impact Internationally there are evident gaps in the consistent provision of spiritual care to patients and their families. These are being addressed through conceptual clarity, the agreed-upon competencies, and enhanced educational initiatives. It is essential to continue to increase awareness among the nursing profession on the necessity of addressing spiritual care needs, within the context of cultural perspectives to ensure that value is placed on the significance of these issues on a global scale. Patient or Public Contribution There was no patient or publication contribution in this specific commentary.
- High-fiber breakfast cereals using only carrot and cereal by-productsPublication . Santos, Diva; Pintado, Manuela; Silva, José A. Lopes daDietary fibre intake remains below the recommended levels set by both the FAO and EFSA, limiting its well-established health benefits. Breakfast cereals are widely consumed globally but typically require nutritional improvements, particularly in reducing sugar and sodium content while increasing fibre. This study aimed to develop high-fibre breakfast cereals without added sugar, using only two ingredients: carrot flour and wheat or rice bran. Cold dough extrusion followed by drying and roasting was the production process chosen as a strategically simple and mild process. The final cereal formulations contained at least 40% fibre, with a soluble to insoluble dietary fibre (SDF/IDF) ratio of 1 : 3 for rice bran-based formulations and 1 : 5 for wheat bran-based formulations. The dietary fibre profile of the ingredients comprised pectins, β-glucans, galactans, arabinogalactans, soluble and insoluble arabinoxylans, cellulose, and lignin. The produced breakfast cereals had no added sugars and exhibited significant antioxidant and antidiabetic properties, attributed to the presence of phenolics, carotenoids, and vitamins A and E. This study demonstrates the feasibility of creating nutritious, high-fibre breakfast cereals from two simple ingredients using mild processing techniques that preserve or enhance bioactive compounds and associated health benefits.
- Correction to: Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases: mechanisms and in vitro modelsPublication . Grego, Ana; Fernandes, Cristiana; Fonseca, Ivo; Dias-Neto, Marina; Costa, Raquel; Leite-Moreira, Adelino; Oliveira, Sandra Marisa; Trindade, Fabio; Nogueira-Ferreira, Rita
- A responsabilidade civil extracontratual do Estado e demais entidades públicas por ato administrativo inimpugnávelPublication . Gomes, Gonçalo Nuno Almeida Santos Sá; Medeiros, Rui Pedro Costa MeloO art.º 38.º, n.º 2, CPTA determina que «não pode ser obtido por outros meios processuais o efeito que resultaria da anulação do ato inimpugnável», disposição que, para a doutrina e jurisprudência atuais, impede o autor de demandar, em sede de responsabilidade civil, por qualquer efeito que resulte da anulação. Nesta dissertação procuraremos demonstrar que as interpretações dominantes merecem revisão, pois o sentido e alcance do art.º 38.º, n.º 2, CPTA é mais subtil do que a vista desarmada permite alcançar, limitando-se, em rigor, a regular o modo como a Administração indemniza, inexistindo aqui qualquer restrição ao quantum indemnizatur.