Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2025-07"
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- Are morally courageous leaders more effective?Publication . Rego, Arménio; Simpson, Ace Volkmann; Bluhm, Dustin J.; Cunha, Miguel Pina eDetecting, interpreting, assuming responsibility, and being driven to act upon situations with potential ethical implications requires morally courageous leaders to be continuously ‘tuned’ to the environment. We argue that this ‘tuning’ facilitates leader respect for employees and greater receptiveness to their inputs, and that it is through these mechanisms that leader moral courage is positively related to leader effectiveness. In a multi-source study involving 102 team leaders (assessed by peers, subordinates, and supervisors), we found that leaders with higher levels of moral courage convey greater respect for team members and are more receptive to relational transparency from them, and that such respect and receptiveness enhance leader effectiveness. We also hypothesized and found that leaders who overestimate their moral courage (i.e., who self-describe as being morally courageous while others perceive them as not being so) are particularly less respectful toward team members, and thus are less effective.
- Development of cement industry, technology, and artistic applications: a historical overview of the Portuguese case within an international contextPublication . Gueidão, Marta; Bordalo, Rui; Nunes, Sandra; Vieira, EduardaThe development of the cement industry and technology was a significant driver of progress in construction and artistic applications. Between the late 19th and 20th centuries, cement-based mortars and concrete were widely used in both utilitarian and artistic heritage, serving as structural materials and decorative ornaments. This paper presents a historical overview of the Portuguese cement industry within an international framework. It traces the evolution of modern hydraulic binders from the 18th-century experiments with clay-rich limestone and pozzolan to the 19th-century development of artificial hydraulic lime and major improvements in production processes, kiln design, and chemical analyses, resulting in the standardization of modern artificial Portland cement. These advancements shaped the adaptation and industrialization of cement in Portugal, and marked a gradual transition from natural to artificial cement around the turn of the century. Cement binders imported from England and France continued to dominate the Portuguese market well into the 20th century, even after national production began in the second half of the 19th century. While current research on modern cement heritage often focuses on built structures, this study highlights the cultural significance of cementitious public art. It explores the transition from functional to artistic uses of cement, particularly during the 19th and 20th centuries, through selected case studies that reflect the different techniques and mortar formulations, as well as international influences on Portuguese cementitious heritage. An early example is the Teatro Nacional de São João, where ornaments created with cement-based mortars reinforced with steel bars and metal mesh reflect the influence of French engineering and the pioneering work of Joseph Monier. By contextualizing the Portuguese case within broader technological and artistic trends, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of cementitious heritage and emphasizes the need for further research on Portuguese cement-based artworks from the 20th century. The findings reveal compositional variations and applications that often relied on evolving techniques and experimental mortar formulations. Thus, understanding the material and technical evolution of cement-based mortars, as well as the cross-cultural exchanges that have shaped their use, is essential for the effective preservation and appreciation of this understudied part of modern heritage.
- Effects of conventional hot air dehydration and lyophilization on the total phenolic content and antioxidant potential of broccoli stalk powdersPublication . Machado, Daniela; Soares, Inês; Vedor, Rita; Orvalho, Telma; Alves, Marco; Gomes, Ana MariaIntroduction: The valorization of agro-industrial byproducts plays a key role in promoting sustainability and supporting the development of functional foods (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2019; Ramírez- Pulido et al., 2021). Broccoli stalks, often industrially discarded, are a rich source of bioactive substances, particularly phenolics, with potential health- promoting effects (Yan et al., 2023). Efficient drying methods can transform these byproducts into high-value ingredients, while preserving their bioactive potential (Ramírez-Pulido et al., 2021). Objectives: Evaluate the impact of two drying methods (conventional hot air dehydration and lyophilization) on the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of broccoli stalk powders. Conclusions: This work reinforces the potential of broccoli stalks as sources of bioactive substances, especially phenolic compounds. Both drying methods enabled the preservation of bioactive content, fostering the development of functional ingredients and supporting circular economy practices through food waste reduction and sustainable byproduct utilization.
- Sustainable snacking: development of a functional snack using apple pomace powderPublication . Vedor, Rita; Soares, Inês; Machado, Daniela; Orvalho, Telma; Alves, Marco; Gomes, Ana Maria
- A avaliação ao serviço de todas as aprendizagens, com base no PASEOPublication . Braga, Fátima
- Unlocking nutritional value: the role of fruit and vegetable by-products in sustainable food systemsPublication . Soares, Inês; Machado, Daniela; Vedor, Rita; Orvalho, Telma; Alves, Marco; Gomes, Ana MariaIntroduction: Sustainable waste management has become a key priority in the agri-food industry, driven by growing environmental and economic concerns. Fruit and vegetable waste contributes to approximately 42% of total food loss, including peels, seeds, stems, stalks, and other processing by-products (Ganesh, K.S. et al., 2022). These residues are frequently discarded despite being rich in dietary fibre, plant proteins, and bioactive compounds (Nirmal N.P. et al., 2023), making them valuable for the development of health-oriented functional ingredients. Converting such by-products into nutrient-dense powders presents a promising strategy for reducing waste while enhancing the nutritional quality and sustainability of food products. Objectives: Evaluate the nutritional composition of three plant-based industrial by-product powders: apple pomace, pear pomace, and broccoli stalk. Conclusions: All three plant-based industrial by-product powders exhibited favourable nutritional profiles, characterised by low fat and high dietary fibre content, reinforcing their potential as value-added ingredients in food applications. Broccoli stalk powder was identified as a promising source of protein and fibre, while pear pomace powder exhibited the highest fibre content, suggesting its suitability for fibre-enriched formulations. Apple pomace powder was found to contain a balanced composition, with interesting levels of total sugars and fibre. This suggests potential applications in natural sweetening and textural enhancement. Collectively, findings support the valorisation of fruit and vegetable processing by-products in the development of sustainable, nutritionally enhanced food systems aligned with circular economy principles.
- The Catalyse Project: a community of practice to foster food safety innovationsPublication . Fonseca, Diana R.; Cortez, João; Teixeira, Paula
- Psychological distress and family stress in Alzheimer’s caregivers: a forgiveness longitudinal mediation modelPublication . Brito, Laura; Leite, Ângela; Pereira, M. GraçaBackground: The present study examined how family stress, distress, and forgiveness influenced the quality of life (QoL) of family caregivers (FCs) of persons living with Alzheimer’s disease over time. Method: Using a longitudinal design, data were collected at baseline (T1), 6 months (T2), and 12 months (T3). Results: Family stress at T1 predicted family stress at T2, while forgiveness at T1 predicted family stress at T2. Forgiveness (T1 and T2) mediated the relationship between distress (T1) and mental QoL (T3). Additionally, forgiveness (T1 and T2), along with mental QoL (T3), were mediators between distress (T1) and physical QoL (T3). Multigroup analysis revealed that the effects of forgiveness on distress and QoL were moderated by disease severity, with stronger mediation effects in the moderate and severe groups. Conclusion: The study underscores the importance of early distress screening and forgiveness-based interventions to enhance both mental and physical QoL in FCs, particularly as the disease progresses.
- Comparative environmental and nutritional sustainability analysis of kabuli and desi chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) types at the farm and product levelPublication . Silva, Beatriz Q.; Silva, Marta Nunes da; Smetana, Sergiy; Vasconcelos, Marta W.Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted to evaluate the environmental impact of cultivating black (Desi type) and white (Kabuli type) chickpeas in Europe under both organic and conventional farming systems. The LCA on a mass basis (1 kg of product) showed that Kabuli chickpea cultivation had a lower global warming potential, water use, and land occupation due to higher yields and more established farming practices for this variety in conventional systems. This study also examined the environmental impact of producing hummus derived from these two raw materials. The LCA on a mass basis (1 kg of product) showed that hummus production generally had a lower environmental impact when using Kabuli chickpeas primarily due to higher yield efficiency and optimised farming practices for the Kabuli type. However, when nutritional LCA is considered, using Nutrient Density as a functional unit (NDU), Desi hummus demonstrates lower environmental impacts in most categories, particularly regarding eutrophication and acidification potential. The study highlights the trade-offs between environmental impacts and nutritional benefits while comparing organic and conventional farming systems, suggesting that incorporating underutilised types such as Desi chickpeas could contribute to a more sustainable and nutritionally diverse food system.
- Worsening heart failure: progress, pitfalls, and perspectivesPublication . Cândida, Fonseca; Rui, Baptista; Fátima, Franco; Brenda, Moura; Joana, Pimenta; Sarmento, Pedro Moraes; José, Silva Cardoso; Dulce, BritoFor most patients with chronic heart failure (HF), the clinical course of the disease includes periods of apparent clinical stability punctuated by episodes of clinical deterioration with worsening signs and symptoms, a condition referred to as worsening heart failure (WHF). Over time, episodes of WHF may become more frequent, and patients may enter a cycle of recurrent events associated with deterioration in their quality of life and functional capacity, hospitalizations, and ultimately death. WHF is apparently an old concept but seems to have acquired new boundaries in terms of definition and clinical and prognostic value due to the fast-paced evolution of the HF treatment landscape and the emergence of new drugs in this setting. As a result, the management of WHF is being reshaped. In the present paper, a group of HF experts gathered to discuss the concept, prevention, detection, and treatment of WHF.