Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2025-06-01"
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- Development of the short and super-short version of the Emergency Reaction QuestionnairePublication . Zsido, Andras N.; Dias, Pedro; Coelho, Carlos M.Emergencies are sudden, life-threatening situations that challenge individuals' ability to respond effectively. The Emergency Reaction Questionnaire (ERQ) is a measure widely used to assess individual differences in emergency behavior; however, its 30-item length may limit its utility in certain contexts. Consequently, in this study, we aimed to develop two abbreviated versions of the ERQ: a short form retaining the original factor structure, and a super-short form that still captures the two core dimensions of readiness and helplessness. We used Item Response Theory to evaluate the psychometric properties of ERQ items and reduce the length of the scale on a large community sample (N=1448). We assessed external validity on a subsample of participants (N=415). Our results showed that the 16-item short and 6-item super-short forms effectively preserved the psychometric robustness of the original ERQ. Both versions successfully differentiated participants, with readiness scales exhibiting a normal distribution and helplessness scales clustering at the extremes. External validity analyses confirmed positive associations between readiness scores and sensation seeking, while helplessness scores were positively correlated with anxiety and trauma sensitivity. These findings align with theoretical frameworks of defensive behavior and support the utility of the ERQ short forms for assessing adaptive and maladaptive responses to emergencies. The ERQ short forms provide versatile tools for a variety of settings, including large-scale screening, disaster preparedness education, and resilience training programs.
- A century of queerness after dark: a socio-historical review of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer nights in Lisbon (1920-2020)Publication . Pires, Cristiana Vale; Garcia-Ruiz, Manuel; Gomes, Filipe Couto; Nofre, JordiThis article intends to explore the dynamic interplay between queer nightlife, societal changes, and drug use over the last century in Portugal by taking Lisbon as a case study as well as selecting critical historical periods, namely the Années Folles of the 1920s; the authoritarian Estado Novo (1926-75); the post-revolution phase (1975-2000), and the first two decades of the new millennium (2000-2020). The article therefore presents a socio-historical review of queer nightlife in Lisbon over the last century (1920-2020) to understand the evolution of LGBTQ + nightlife in Lisbon from a comprehensive perspective.
- (Not) by chance? An application of Assembly Theory to infer non-randomness in organizational designPublication . Ilseven, Ekin; Puranam, PhanishAssembly theory (AT) (Sharma et al., Nature 622:321-328, 2023) is a novel and ambitious perspective on the emergence of larger structures from smaller structures in the physical realm. It offers formal tools to infer the development trajectories of observed structures under some theory-driven assumptions. By mapping it onto the micro-structural perspective of organizations, we show how AT can also help us model organizational development and estimate the extent to which an observed organizational structure is (un)likely to have arisen by chance. We apply these to illustrate how we can infer the extent of non-randomness in the development history of an organization based on its current structure. We note theoretical and empirical implications for the study of organization design.
- The effects of multinationality on the market value of cash: evidence from Latin AmericaPublication . Manoel, Aviner Augusto Silva; Moraes, Marcelo Botelho da Costa; Carneiro, Jorge; Toledo, Eloisa Perez-deThe aim of this paper is to examine whether the value investors place on cash holdings varies between multinationals and domestic firms from Latin America. Utilizing data from the six largest Latin American economies, our analyses with different proxies of multinationality reveal that investors do not attribute a significant valuation premium, nor do they impose a price discount, on the cash held by Latin American multinational corporations (Multilatinas) when compared to the cash of their domestic counterparts. These findings suggest that shareholders do not view Multilatinas' cash holdings as conferring greater advantages relative to those of domestic firms. We interpret this as evidence that the perceived benefits of multinationality, such as increased growth potential, may be counterbalanced by elevated agency costs and greater information asymmetry. Our study advances the literature on cash holdings and international business and discusses implications for stakeholders of multinational corporations that have subsidiaries in countries with potential growth opportunities but in which poor investor protection may lead to agency conflicts and the risk of improper cash diversion. Our research yields important implications for policymakers by highlighting the relevance of requiring the disclosure of disaggregated information about domestic and foreign cash to improve efficiency in stakeholder decision-making.
- Effects of dietary polyphenols on vasculogenic erectile dysfunction: a systematic review of pre-clinical studiesPublication . Geraldo, Rafaela; Castro, Catarina; Pinto, Elisabete; Vasconcelos, Marta W.; Neves, DelmindaErectile dysfunction (ED) is a medical condition characterized by the inability to achieve or maintain a satisfactory erection, primarily treated with oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Treatment effectiveness is diminished in severe vasculogenic ED, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus, highlighting the need for exploring alternative/complementary interventions. Among them, dietary phenolic compounds are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This systematic review focuses on catechin (EGCG), quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin and their influence on the pathophysiology of ED. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO registration number CRD42023402016) searches across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science until October 2024 were conducted using relevant keywords. Inclusion criteria required original articles in English, while in silico studies, review articles, editorials, and original studies lacking essential polyphenol administration information were excluded. After an initial search that located 409, 445, and 285 publications in each database respectively, rigorous screening resulted in 26 publications comprising animal, ex vivo, and in vitro studies. Their quality was assessed using GRADE and SYRCLE ROB tools, revealing an overall “medium-high” or “high quality.” These polyphenols consistently demonstrated improvements in erectile function, encompassing behavioral, functional, molecular, and hormonal aspects. However, limitations were identified, such as the predominant reliance on animal models and in vitro trials, which may not precisely reflect human physiological responses. Further clinical investigations are needed to ascertain data translational potential, standardize dosages, and establish safe and effective prescription recommendations. Prioritizing clinical trials is essential for validating the widespread applicability and efficacy of polyphenols in managing ED.