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- Protein hydrolysates from salmon heads and cape hake by-products: comparing enzymatic method with subcritical water extraction on bioactivity propertiesPublication . Pires, Carla; Leitão, Matilde; Sapatinha, Maria; Gonçalves, Amparo; Oliveira, Helena; Nunes, Maria Leonor; Teixeira, Bárbara; Mendes, Rogério; Camacho, Carolina; Machado, Manuela; Pintado, Manuela; Ribeiro, Ana Rita; Vieira, Elsa F.; Delerue-Matos, Cristina; Lourenço, Helena Maria; Marques, AntónioFish by-products can be converted into high-value-added products like fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs), which have high nutritional value and are rich in bioactive peptides with health benefits. This study aims to characterise FPHs derived from salmon heads (HPSs) and Cape hake trimmings (HPHs) using Alcalase for enzymatic hydrolysis and Subcritical Water Hydrolysis (SWH) as an alternative method. All hydrolysates demonstrated high protein content (70.4–88.7%), with the degree of hydrolysis (DH) ranging from 10.7 to 36.4%. The peptide profile of FPHs indicated the breakdown of proteins into small peptides. HPSs showed higher levels of glycine and proline, while HPHs had higher concentrations of glutamic acid, leucine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Similar elemental profiles were observed in both HPHs and HPSs, and the levels of Cd, Pb, and Hg were well below the legislated limits. Hydrolysates do not have a negative effect on cell metabolism and contribute to cell growth. HPSs and HPHs exhibited high 2,2′–azino-bis(3 ethylbenzthiazoline-6)-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, Cu2+ and Fe2+ chelating activities, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity, with HPHs generally displaying higher activities. The α-amylase inhibition of both FPHs was relatively low. These results indicate that HPHs are a promising natural source of nutritional compounds and bioactive peptides, making them potential candidates for use as an ingredient in new food products or nutraceuticals. SWH at 250 °C is a viable alternative to enzymatic methods for producing FPHs from salmon heads with high antioxidant and chelating properties.
- A inteligência artificial como recurso para a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidadosPublication . Sousa, Helder Alexandre Mendes Veloso de; Rabiais, Isabel Cristina MascarenhasThis report was prepared within the scope of the Final Practicum and Report Curricular Unit, and appears as the final product of all the learning that occurred during the academic course of the Master's Degree in Nursing with Specialization in Medical-Surgical Nursing in the Area of Nursing for People in Critical Situations, at the Portuguese Catholic University. This aims to describe, analyze and reflect on the acquisition of common and specific skills of the Nurse Specialist in Medical-Surgical Nursing in the Area of Nursing for People in Critical Situations. This report is divided into chapters. Chapter 1 consists of the introduction, which addresses the internships carried out, the motto for developing the research component of this report, as well as the structure and theoretical, legal and bibliographical bases used to prepare this report. Chapter 2 is intended for a research component that, through a Scoping Review, expands the view on the contributions of artificial intelligence to making nursing diagnoses. This chapter also aims to demonstrate the acquisition of skills within the scope of research. Subsequently, a third chapter is presented, which justifies how the common and specific competencies of the Nurse Specialist in Medical-Surgical Nursing in the Area of Nursing for People in Critical Situations were achieved throughout the academic career, contributing to personal and professional development . The creation of this report thus reflects the acquisition and development of knowledge and skills inherent to the Nurse Specialist in Medical-Surgical Nursing in the Area of Nursing for People in Critical Situations, reflecting an increase in the quality and safety of the provision of nursing care, through specialized care.
- Comparison between tooth-derived matrix and DBBM granules on an enhanced bone healing : a scoping reviewPublication . Cirfeda, Victor; Souza, Júlio César Matias de; Henriques, BrunoPurpose: The purpose of this project was to perform a scoping review on the comparison between tooth-derived matrix and demineralized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) granules for enhanced bone healing. Materials and Methods: A literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus electronic databases studies published in English until April 2024. The following keywords were assessed: "deproteinized bovine bone mineral" OR "DBBM" OR "Bio-Oss" AND "dentin matrix" OR "tooth-derived" OR "dentin" OR "dentin-derived" OR "ATDM" OR “ATDG” AND "bone substitute" OR “graft” OR “granule” OR “block” AND “bone” AND “healing” OR “repair” OR “augmentation” OR “regeneration” OR “growth” OR “formation” OR “osteoblast” OR “osteogenic” OR “mineralization” OR “cell culture”. Preliminary results: The dentin-matrix granules revealed micro-scale pores due to the remnant dentin that promote the adsorption of proteins and bioactive molecules. It should be highlighted the remnant dentin is intrinsic source of collagen and growth factors such as TGF-1, BMP-2, VEGF, and PDGF. The DBBM showed macro-scale interconnected pores which enhances the adhesion of cells and formation of new blood vessels. DBBM also revealed a porosity of around 80% and a lower resorption rate when compared to tooth-derived granules. On in vivo models, dentin-matrix granules induced quite similar results for bone growth when compared to grafting with DBBM as confirmed by histological analyses. Conclusions: The dentin-derived matrix granules showed morphological aspects and chemical composition suitable for enhancing bone repair comparable to the effects of deproteinized bovine bone mineral granules.The autologous dentin-derived graft is an effective alternative material for bone augmentation.
- A influência da fotoativação na polimerização de resinas compostas convencionais e bulk-fill no grau de conversão de monómeros e microdureza : uma revisão sistemáticaPublication . Bertoz, Alessio; Pereira, Rita Cristina Pais Fidalgo; Moura, Anna Carolina Volpi Mello de; Lopes, Pedro André Ferreira CamposIntrodução: As resinas compostas são amplamente usadas na medicina dentária restauradora pelas propriedades mecânicas, estéticas e biocompatibilidade. O sucesso das restaurações depende da microestrutura do material e da correta fotopolimerização. Objetivo: A presente revisão sistemática teve como objetivo avaliar o grau de conversão e a microdureza das resinas compostas convencionais e bulk-fill durante os procedimentos de fotopolimerização. Materiais e métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica nas bases de dados Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science, utilizando os seguintes palavras-chave: resin composites AND degree of conversion AND microhardness AND light curing unit OR photoinitiator OR light curing distance OR polymerization distance OR exposure time. Foram incluídos artigos em língua inglesa, entre janeiro de 2010 e dezembro de 2023, que relacionavam diferentes tipos de fotoativação com o grau de conversão de monómeros e a microdureza em resinas compostas convencionais e bulk-fill. Resultados: Os estudos mostram que o grau de conversão e a microdureza diminuem com a profundidade e com menor tempo de exposição. Foi observada uma correlação linear entre o grau de conversão, a microdureza e o índice de refração. A microdureza das diferentes resinas compostas foi afetada pelo espectro de emissão, pela irradiância das unidades de fotopolimerização, pelas partículas inorgânicas, e pela utilização de fotoiniciadores alternativos que permitiram um aumento da microdureza na superfície com luzes largo espetro, contrariamente em profundidade a microdureza diminuiu devido à menor quantidade de luz violeta. Valores similares ou superiores de grau de conversão e microdureza foram obtidos com 1200 mW/cm² comparado a 3600 mW/cm². A distância de polimerização afeta as propriedades físicas e durabilidade das resinas compostas. Conclusão: A microdureza reflecte a eficiência da polimerização devido à sua correlação com o grau de conversão. As resinas compostas convencionais e bulk-fill têm microestruturas semelhantes, mas diferem na formulação química do fotoiniciador, o que afeta a escolha das unidades de fotopolimerização necessárias para os bulk-fill.