Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-12-11"
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- Os critérios de seleção dos trabalhadores no despedimento por extinção do posto de trabalho : reflexão críticaPublication . Oliveira, Raquel Cândido; Carvalho, António José Bastos Nunes deThis master's thesis examines the criteria for selection of employees to the dismissal for redundancy in Portugal. Specifically, the study analyses the criteria established in Article 368 paragraph 2 of the Labor Code, and explores it evolution, breadth, and subjectivity. The study aims to determine whether these criteria are the most appropriate for dismissal by redundancy of employment contracts, and whether they ensure the protection conferred by the constitutional principle of employment protection. The thesis presents a framework of doctrine and jurisprudence positioning to analyse the practical application of these criteria, and to identify potential problems that may arise. The study also proposes possible solutions to address these problems.
- Machine learning approaches with cognitive data for early detection of dementia : a scoping reviewPublication . Colaço, Raquel Gonçalves; Nunes, Maria Vânia Silva; Angelopoulos, SpyrosObjective: The objective of this scoping review is to map the literature on the types of data commonly used in AI models for the early detection of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Particularly, we will look for information about the extent to which cognitive data is considered in this type of research. Introduction: Alzheimer’s Disease is the most common form of dementia and the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. Dementia has massive individual, societal and economic impact and because there is no approved cure or modifying therapies available yet, the investigation should focus on early detection of AD and dementia prevention. Inclusion Criteria: Studies from 2017 until March 2023 were included. The main inclusion criteria included studies that focused their investigation specifically on Alzheimer’s disease and aimed to develop/train AI models to assist on early-detection of the disease and on the prevention of dementia. Methods: This scoping review was developed based on the JBI methodology for scoping reviews (Peters et al., 2020) and conducted on Medline Complete via EBSCO, PubMed and Web of Science on March 2023. Articles included in this review were screened by two independent reviewers and after being analysed, the relevant information was retrieved. Results: All articles have taken into account either cognitively normal (CN) individuals, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) individuals or Alzheimer’s disease (AD) individuals, and trained models based on machine learning, the most common type of data used to train models was brain MRI, cognitive data is mainly used to characterize the cognitive status of the participants (to form the experimental and control groups) and the majority of these investigations are published in engineering journals. Conclusions: Neuroimage is the type of data where investigation in this area is more focused on, and there is a need to include novel types of data that are also relevant to the early detection of Alzheimer’s Disease, namely cognitive data. It is also important to x make this type of information more easily available for psychologists as well as educate them on this subject since such technology can bring great benefits to their practice.
- TraçosPublication . Fernandes, Ana Sofia Martins; Silva, Carlos Paulo Henriques Catrica da; Lobo, Carlos Afonso de OliveiraTRAÇOS tem como objetivo mostrar como a expressão artística pode ajudar as pessoas com incapacidade a estarem não só presentes, mas ativas e participativas “num mundo que não lhes costuma dar muito espaço”. Apresenta uma série de retratos de pessoas em que as suas deficiências, limitações e restrições se diluem, como as de qualquer outra pessoa, na representação artística da sua individualidade. Sob este ângulo de visão, pretende-se promover a reflexão sobre alguns dogmas e quebrar o mito de que a incapacidade está sempre associada à fatalidade de um corpo “inútil”, “deformado” e “indesejado” que, aos olhos de quem olha, se sobrepõe à perspetiva útil, bela e desejada de quem sente. Contrariando o procedimento da fotografia documental, este trabalho debruça-se sobre a narrativa encenada, em prol de uma maior aproximação do universo do cinema e com algumas alusões à fotografia surrealista. Para isso, aliada à série fotográfica, realizou-se uma análise das representações da doença, da deficiência e da incapacidade no cinema de David Lynch, nomeadamente através do estudo da sua obra cinematográfica e do conhecimento mais detalhado de algumas das suas personagens. Cientes de que este trabalho de investigação é complexo, procurámos outras referências, tanto escritas e conceptuais, como visuais e fotográficas, para fundamentar o desenvolvimento de uma retórica visual diferenciada e criativa, em que a nossa ocular teimou em focar-se na funcionalidade e na arte das pessoas fotografadas.
- A microfluidic paper-based sensor for iodine monitoring as a public health indicatorPublication . Pereira, Mafalda Gomes; Mesquita, Raquel Beatriz Ribeiro de; Rangel, António Osmaro Santos SilvaIn this work, a new microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) was developed for on-site iodide quantification. As iodine is an essential micronutrient for humans, due to its fundamental role in producing the thyroid hormones, it is a key parameter to assess health condition. Iodine deficiency (ID) has contributed to continued underdevelopment for millions of people, making it the single most important and preventable cause of brain damage. In case of not fulfilling the iodine requirements for the human body, the synthesis of thyroid hormones is impaired, causing several iodine deficiency disorders. Consequently, iodine intake needs to be monitored to prevent ID. The paper-based sensor was based on the reaction of 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) with H2O2, in which iodide is a catalyst. This reaction results in the oxidation of TMB, which goes from colourless to its oxidized blue colour. The design of the µPAD consisted of two layer of filter paper discs, the top layer (Whatman 4 paper) embedded in a mixture of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide and the bottom later (Whatman 1 paper) impregnated with TMB. The µPAD was scanned at 25 minutes and analysed in ImageJ software, where the intensity of the formed colour product was converted to absorbance values. After optimization, a limit of detection of 0.89 mg/L (7.0 µM) and a limit of quantification of 2.8 mg/L (22 µM) were attained. Different types of samples were targeted, such as urine, salt and dietary supplements, corresponding to the intake and outtake of iodide. However, the salt samples presented some interferences from chloride, and the urine samples proved to have a significantly lower iodide content than the current limits of detection of the developed method. Lastly, this method was validated by comparing the obtained results for dietary supplements with potentiometric method and no significant differences between both methods were found. The µPAD was successfully developed, as it allowed for a rapid response for analysing iodide in different samples and still being a low-cost approach, since the consumables for each device cost approximately 0.12 €. The developed device allows for an economic, simpler and faster determination of iodide, which until now required complicated and time-consuming methods, adding the advantage of not needing to pre-treatment the samples to be used.
- A ação judicial de YHWH contra Israel e o itinerário de conversão de um povo (Os 4, 1-3)Publication . Silva, Gilmar Simplício da; Almendra, Luísa Maria VarelaObjetivo desta dissertação é aprofundar o valor teológico da justiça que se encontra na tríade de Oseias 4,1-3. Esta perícope apresenta-nos a ação judicial que YHWH move contra o povo de Israel e nos direciona ao itinerário de conversão deste mesmo povo. O ponto de partida é o contexto histórico da vida do profeta Oseias, perpassando no seu ambiente social, político e cultural, visando as questões de idolatria política e religiosa. Em seguida, a pessoa do profeta e sua obra, sua relação com o profeta Elias e as perspetivas da sua teologia. Num segundo momento, uma contextualização da sua obra: análise, estrutura, género literário do seu texto e a particularidade dos seus oráculos. E também neste segundo momento a análise dos termos específicos desta tríade que são: fidelidade( אֶמֶת( , toda apresentamos ,seguida Em . )םיִה_ֱא תַעַדּ ) Deus de conhecimento e ) דֵסֵח )misericórdia problemática pela ausência desta tríade na vida do povo de Israel, e suas consequências. Apresentando ainda o resultado destas ações diante da criação e, por fim a perspetiva da .( ִמ ְשׁ טָפּ ) direito do e ) ָהָקָדְצ ) justiça da exercício no salvação
- Barriers to slow fashion : a comparison between the perceptions of generation X, Y and ZPublication . Santos, Carolina de Sousa Gomes da Silva; Julião, Jorge Manuel SoaresIn the face of a growing population responsible for levels of consumption that exceed the sustaining capacity of the planet, it has become increasingly evident that humans hold the potential to be instrumental in the resolution of the current environmental problems, particularly the younger generations who are assuming a leading role in the environmental movement. This surge of environmental responsibility has encouraged transformative changes in various industries, notably the fashion sector, infamous for its significant environmental impact. Slow fashion has emerged and gained visibility as a sustainable alternative, nonetheless, due to its slow uptake in the market, it is essential to identify the obstacles hindering the adoption of slow fashion and explore a generational perspective to understand how these generational cohorts, who are in charge of the environmental future, perceive the challenges. For this purpose, this master thesis identifies the main barriers to slow fashion consumption through the literature and compares the perception of Generation X, Y and Z regarding some of the barriers, namely lack of trust, price perceptions and limited accessibility, according to their self-reported level of favour or disfavour to each of the statements that construct the variables. Through an online questionnaire aimed at Portuguese consumers, it was concluded that Generation Z presents lower levels of trust than Generation X, however, contrary to what was suggested, there is no consistent evidence of a difference in the perceptions of price and accessibility between the generational cohorts.
- Shaping visual narratives : camera structure in animationPublication . Martinez Garcia, Diego; Gomes, Sahra Ursula KunzThis dissertation delves into the role and impact of camera structure in animated films, exploring elements such as camera effects, lens choices, depth of field, lighting, and animation techniques. Employing a qualitative research design with an exploratory approach, the study analyzes existing literature and case studies to understand how camera structure influences the meaning and visual style of animated narratives. The key findings highlight the significance of camera structure: it defines a film’s unique visual identity, shaping aesthetics and visual style, conveys emotions, enhances audience engagement, serves as storytelling devices, guides attention, and conveys essential information, impacting the level of realism or fantasy, adding layers of meaning and symbolism to elevate storytelling, and establishing a unified visual language for enhanced audience immersion and narrative comprehension. The dissertation concludes by emphasizing the transformative convergence of animation and live-action cinematography, transcending traditional boundaries. This paradigm shift underscores the importance of cinematic language, where techniques become instruments for narrative expression, offering new horizons for storytelling and artistic exploration.
- On why architecture matters: the exhibition experiencePublication . Rudari, FedericoStarting from the three most basic components of the exhibition experience, namely subject, aesthetic object, and context of fruition, this work moves from traditional aesthetic philosophical theories to acknowledge the centrality of space and architecture, whether built or temporary, in the way we make sense of artworks and their interrelation. While exhibitions have been evolving from a mere economic and historical value-based perspective to embrace new social, didactic, and artistic goals, research in phenomenology first and neurocognitive sciences later has addressed the centrality of bodily perception and environmental affordances in our experience of artistic objects. As an integral part of my current doctoral research, this contribution addressed the evolution of the exhibition form in contemporary times, both in its conceptualization and implementation, together with our understanding of the way we experience and make sense of it.
- Work social support and PTSD in police officers: the mediating role of organizational commitmentPublication . Campos, Fernanda Dias; Chambel, Maria José; Lopes, SílviaThe military police officers of Rio de Janeiro are often exposed to critical incidents in routine work that may have a potentially traumatic effect on their mental health, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aims to explore the protective role of work social support (i.e., emotional, instrumental, and informational) and affective organizational commitment (and its mediation effect) in facing PTSD, considering these variables as essential resources in the work context according to the conservation of resources theory (COR) approach. This is a cross-sectional study, with a sample of 329 military police officers from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, who were administered a questionnaire of sociodemographic variables, the Critical Incident History Questionnaire (CIHQ), the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist 5 (PCL-5), the Perceived Social Support at Work Scale (EPSST), and the Affective Organizational Commitment Scale. It was found that only emotional support showed a significant association with affective commitment and PTSD symptoms. Affective organizational commitment, in turn, partially mediated the relationship between emotional support and PTSD. These findings shed light on the importance of organizations, such as the military police, in promoting the development of psychological resources like emotional support and affective commitment to mitigate PTSD and promote a sustainable work environment.
- Online holistic program to foster health amongst students: a pilot study in a Portuguese university during COVID-19 pandemicPublication . Veiga, Elisa; Duarte, Raquel; Capela, Inês; Pinto, Elisabete; Silva, Margarida; Sá, Cristina; Sá, Luís; Kunz, Sahra; Serra, Sofia; Pereira, Henrique; Machado, Bárbara C.; Gomes, Ana; Pimenta, Ana; Almeida, Armando; Silva, Patrícia O.; Correia, MartaDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, several preventive mental health interventions took place to increase the psychological well-being of university students due to the high levels of stress, anxiety and negative emotions experienced in that period. This context reinforced the role of universities in supporting students and preventing the mental health risk factors they faced. In this context a multidisciplinary team of professionals (psychologists, nurses, nutritionists, and artists) in the Portuguese Catholic University, gathered efforts and developed an holistic intervention program for university students based on a mind and body integrated approach. This program of 8 online sessions aims to improve students’ resilience to the psychosocial consequences of COVID-19 pandemic and promote their wellbeing. The twenty university students that participated in this pilot study reported that this intervention improved their emotional self-awareness, their ability to apply self-care strategies, as well as they believed it promoted healthier lifestyle changes. These findings suggest that this program consists in an innovative approach with the potential to promote the psychological health and well-being of university students in adverse circumstances.