Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2022-06-17"
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- ¿El estado como garante de la objetividad periodística? Información y opiniones ante el tribunal europeo de derechos humanos (caso ATV Zrt c. Hungría)Publication . Albuquerque, Paulo Pinto de; Gómez-Aller, Jacobo DopicoThe separation between information and opinion is one of the classic ethical principles of journalism. Its aim is to avoid misinformation by allowing recipients to distinguish clearly between factual information —for which there is an expectation of truthfulness— and the journalist’s political or moral positions. But can this principle be converted into a legal duty, and can a state hold journalists or the media liable for non-compliance? In its judgment of 28.4.2020 (case ATV Zrt c. Hungary, application no. 61178/14), the European Court of Human Rights had to address this delicate question. Although the judgment somewhat missed the opportunity to take a clear position on the issue, a concurring opinion set out more concisely the scope of the debate and the ways in which it could be dealt with. The fact that a State could dictate how news should be communicated, even with the best of intentions, would create a very high risk for communicative freedoms. For this reason, the concurring opinion points to the need for self-regulatory and co-regulatory instruments rather than mandatory rules.
- Nutritional, physicochemical, and endogenous enzyme assessment of raw milk preserved under hyperbaric storage at variable room temperaturePublication . Duarte, Ricardo V.; Casal, Susana; Silva, José A. Lopes da; Gomes, Ana; Delgadillo, Ivonne; Saraiva, Jorge A.Raw milk (a highly perishable food) was preserved at variable room temperature (RT) under hyperbaric storage (HS) (50-100 MPa) for 60 days and compared with refrigeration (RF) under atmospheric pressure (AP) on quality, nutritional, and endogenous enzyme activity parameters. Overall, a comparable raw milk preservation outcome was observed between storage under AP/RF and 50/RT after 14 days, with similar variations in the parameters studied indicating milk degradation. Differently, even after 60 days (the maximum period studied) under 75-100/RT, a slower milk degradation was achieved, keeping most of the parameters similar to those of milk prior to storage, including pH, titratable acidity, total solid content, density, color, viscosity, and volatile organic and fatty acid profiles, but with higher free amino acid content, signs of an overall better preservation. These results indicate an improved preservation and enhanced shelf life of raw milk by HS/RT versus RF, showing HS potential for milk and highly perishable food preservation in general.
- Biopolymer from water kefir as a potential clean-label ingredient for health applications: evaluation of new propertiesPublication . Lucena, Monalisa de Alencar; Ramos, Igor Frederico da Silveira; Geronço, Maurycyo Silva; Araújo, Ricardo de; Filho, Francisco Lopes da Silva; Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues da; Sousa, Rayran Walter Ramos de; Ferreira, Paulo Michel Pinheiro; Osajima, Josy Anteveli; Silva-Filho, Edson Cavalcanti; Rizzo, Márcia dos Santos; Ribeiro, Alessandra Braga; Costa, Marcilia Pinheiro daThe present work aimed to characterize the exopolysaccharide obtained from water kefir grains (EPSwk), a symbiotic association of probiotic microorganisms. New findings of the technological, mechanical, and biological properties of the sample were studied. The EPSwk polymer presented an Mw of 6.35 x 10(5) Da. The biopolymer also showed microcrystalline structure and characteristic thermal stability with maximum thermal degradation at 250 degrees C. The analysis of the monosaccharides of the EPSwk by gas chromatography demonstrated that the material is composed of glucose units (98 mol%). Additionally, EPSwk exhibited excellent emulsifying properties, film-forming ability, a low photodegradation rate (3.8%), and good mucoadhesive properties (adhesion Fmax of 1.065 N). EPSwk presented cytocompatibility and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results of this study expand the potential application of the exopolysaccharide from water kefir as a potential clean-label raw material for pharmaceutical, biomedical, and cosmetic applications.